The dead plants and animal remains formed billions of years ago to form. Crude oil will separate leaving it to turn into natural refined molecule
1 of 20
Define density
A materials mass per unit
2 of 20
Name 2 types of bond in crude oil
Covalent bonds and Intermolecular bonds
3 of 20
What is the hardest material found in nature?
Diamond
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What is the difference between strength and stiffness?
Strength is when something lasts long with a lot of force, and stiffness is when you measure how easy it is to break something
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What's the advantage of synthetic rubber over natural rubber?
Synthetic rubber lasts longer than natural rubber
6 of 20
Name a material that comes from a plant and an animal
Plant - wood (trees) Animal - wool (sheep)
7 of 20
Name a material that is made of atoms of one element only
Carbon
8 of 20
Give two examples of uses of nanomaterials
Seaspray and Combustion
9 of 20
What is nanotechnology?
The branch of technology dealing with the making and use of nanoparticles
10 of 20
What are the properties of a small crystalline polymer?
Straight chains with no branches (chains are then close together), Higher density, Stronger and Higher boiling point
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How do plasticisers work?
They are added to a polymer to make it softer and easier to shape. They get in between the polymer chains and reduce forces between them
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What would you add to a polymer to make it stiffer and stronger?
Crosslinks
13 of 20
Polymer with a low melting point and is easily stretched has a...?
Weak force
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How does the arrangement of polymer chains affect the density of a material?
The way the polymer chains are layed out will effect the density because weak forces have low melting points and strong forces have high melting points
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Give an example of a product where a polymer has replaced a natural material
Plastic milk bottle, (Strong and rigid polymers such as high-density polyethene)
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What are most hydrocarbons in crude oil used to produce?
Fuels and Lubricants
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Describe polymerisation
Plastics are formed when lots of small molecules called monomers join together to make a long molecule called a polymer. They're carbon based, Under high pressure many small molecules join (polymerise) to form long chains called polymers
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5 useful products of crude oil
Petrol, Diesel, Kerosene (jet fuel), Bitumen (used for road surfacing), Refinery gas
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What does crude oil contain?
Hydrogen and carbon so you can separate it by fractional distillation
20 of 20
Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Define density
Back
A materials mass per unit
Card 3
Front
Name 2 types of bond in crude oil
Back
Card 4
Front
What is the hardest material found in nature?
Back
Card 5
Front
What is the difference between strength and stiffness?
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