C2 Nanoparticles OCR Gateway (9-1)

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  • Created by: Aleena
  • Created on: 09-04-18 13:42
What are Nanoparticles?
Particles that are 1-100 nanometers across in size
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How many atoms do Nanoparticles typically contain?
few 100 atoms- so they're are larger than atoms and simple molecules but pretty smaller than anything else
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What is 1nm in meters?
1nm is 1 billionth of a metre so 1 nm = 1 × 10-9 m
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What is a Buckministerfullerene?
a nanoparticle/bucky ball with 60 carbon atoms (basically a hollow football shape)
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What are Nanotubes?
long,cylindrical molecules made of carbons atoms that are covalently bonded together
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What are the properties of Nanotubes?
nanotube resembles a layer of graphene, rolled into a tube shape. Nanotubes have high tensile strength, so they are strong in tension and resist being stretched. Like graphene, nanotubes are strong & conduct electricity -hav delocalised electrons
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What are the properties of Bucky Balls?
Spheres/squashed spheres of carbon atoms-made up of large molecules but do not have a giant covalent structure. Weak intermolecular forces exist between individual buckyballs, why melting/boiling point lower than diamond/graphite
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Nanoparticles have a really high surface area to volume ratio. What does this mean?
This is them different properties from larger properties because a much greater proportion of their atoms are available to interact with substances they come into contact with
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Why do Nanoparticles make good cataylsts?
Because they have a high surface area to volume ration so a much greater proprtion of their atoms are able to interact with substances they come into contact with-increasing rate of reaction
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Why are Nanoparticles used in cosmetics like suncreams & deodorants?
The small particles do the job but don't leave white marks on the skin. But nanoparticulate sunscreens is that they tend to clump together, making them difficult to apply&may be more difficult to tell where you have applied the sunscreen
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Nanomedicine is a new hot topic. Why?
The idea is that tiny Fullerenes are absorbed by the body more easily than most particles-they could deliver drugs right into cells where they're needed
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New lubricant coatings are being developed using Fullerenes.Give some situations this can be used?
These coatings reduce friction & could be used in all sorts of places from artificial joints to gears
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Nanotubes conduct electricity, what does this characteristic make them suitable for?
They can be used in tiny electric circuits for computer chips
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Why are nanoparticles added to plastics in sports equipment like tennis rackets?
Because the nanoparticles make the plastic stronger & more durable-without adding hardly any mass at all
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Why are silver nanoparticles added to polymer fibres used to make surgical masks & wound dressings?
Because the silver nanoparticles give the fibres antibacterial properties
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Why are people worried about the use of Nanoparticles?
Some people are worried that products containing nanoparticles have been made available before any possible harmful effects on human health have been investigated properly-i.e.we don't know side effects or long term impacts on human health
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Do nanoparticles have very different properties from the 'bulk' chemical that its made from?
yes e.g. Fullerenes have v.different properties from big lumps of carbon
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What is a nanoparticulate?
a substance that contains nanoparticles
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

How many atoms do Nanoparticles typically contain?

Back

few 100 atoms- so they're are larger than atoms and simple molecules but pretty smaller than anything else

Card 3

Front

What is 1nm in meters?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is a Buckministerfullerene?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What are Nanotubes?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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