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  • Created by: ellxe
  • Created on: 22-04-16 16:19
What is a solution?
A mixture of a solute and a solvent that doesn't separate out
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What is a solute?
the substance being dissolved
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What is a solvent?
the liquid the solute dissolves into
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What is soluble?
means it will dissolve
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What is insoluble?
means it will not dissolve
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What is solubility?
a measure of how much will dissolve
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Why doesn't nail varnish dissolve in water?
The molecules of nail varnish are strongly attracted to each other. It is stronger than the attraction between the nail varnish and water molecules - same for water. Because they are more attached to themselves than others, don't form a solution
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Why is nail varnish soluble in acetone (nail varnish remover)
Attraction between the acetone molecules and nail varnish molecules is stronger than the attractions holding the substances together. Solubility depends on the solvent used.
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What do paints contain?
solvent, binding medium and pigment
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What do the pigment, binding medium and solvent do?
pigment - gives colour. binding medium - holds the pigment together, when it goes solid it sticks pigment to the surface you painted. solvent - thins paint, easier to spread.
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What are paints called?
Colloids - particles of a pigment are dispersed through a liquid
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Why don't colloids spread out?
The particles are so small.
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What paints are water-based and when should you use them?
Emulsion. Solvent is water, binding medium is acrylic/vinyl acetate polymer. Dries when the solvent evaporates - leaving the binder and pigment as a thin film. Fast drying and don't produce fumes - perfect for inside walls
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What paints are oil-based and when should you use them?
Gloss paint and artist-oil paint. Binding is oil, solvent is an organic compound that will dissolve oil. Drying - solvent evaporates, then oil is oxidised. Glossy, waterproof, hardwearing - produce fumes. Good for outdoor work. Take longer to dry.
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What are thermochromic pigments?
Change colour/become transparent when heated/cooled. Different pigments change at different temperatures so a mixture can be used to make a colour coded temp scale. Used in kettles, baby products, mugs, mood rings.
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What can you mix thermochromic pigments with?
Acrylic paint. Used on novelty mugs etc
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What are phosphorescent pigments?
Glow in the dark pigments. Absorb natural/artificial light and store energy in molecules. Released as light over a period of time. Used in glow in the dark watches, exit signs, novelty stuff.
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What was used for glow in the dark watches before phosphorescent pigments?
Radioactive paints. They were dangerous - these pigments are much safer
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is a solute?

Back

the substance being dissolved

Card 3

Front

What is a solvent?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is soluble?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is insoluble?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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