C1d: Making Polymers

Candidates will be familiar with the idea that virtually all materials are made through chemical reactions. They will also be able to represent compounds by formulae and chemical reactions by word equations. This item applies these ideas to the formation of a group of substances vital for life in the 21st century. 

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What are the two elements combined in a hydrocarbon?
Hydrogen and Carbon only.
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What are alkenes and alkanes?
Hydrocarbons.
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How are polymers made?
Polymers (large molecules) are made when many small particles (called monomers) join together in a polymerisation reaction.
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How do you get the name of a polymer? Give an example.
Put 'poly' at the front. E.g. Polypropene.
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What is a saturated compound?
A compound which only contains single covalent bonds between carbon atoms.
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What is a unsaturated compound?
A compound which contains at least one double covalent bond between carbon atoms.
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What are alkanes?
Hydrocarbons which contain single contain single covalent bonds only.
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What are alkenes?
Hydrocarbons which contain at least one double covalent bond between carbon atoms.
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What do double bonds involve (in terms of electrons)?
two shared pairs of electrons.
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Which reaction can be used to tested for an alkene?
A bromine test.
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Describe what happens in the reaction when testing for an alkene.
The bromine water is originally orange - and it becomes decolourised.
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Explain the reaction between bromine and alkenes.
An addition reaction takes place - it forms a colourless dibromo compound.
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Describe what happens in the reaction when testing for an alkane.
The bromine water stays orange.
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What is addition polymerisation?
A process in which many alkene monomer molecules react together to give a polymer which requires high pressure and a catalyst.
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Describe addition polymerisation in terms of unsaturated molecules.
Monomers that make up addition monomers have a double covalent bond. These are unsaturated compounds - lots of these (alkenes) can open up their double bonds and join together to form polymer chains. This is addition polymerisation.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What are alkenes and alkanes?

Back

Hydrocarbons.

Card 3

Front

How are polymers made?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

How do you get the name of a polymer? Give an example.

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is a saturated compound?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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