C1: Carbon Chemistry

?
  • Created by: Theex
  • Created on: 22-04-14 16:44
What does an emulsifier do?
Helps oil and water to mix
1 of 49
The head of an emulsifier is hyrdo..... And the tail is hydro....
Head - Hydrophilic Tail - Hydrophobic
2 of 49
Name 3 jobs of additives
Antioxidants (preserve), food colouring, flavour enhancers
3 of 49
What happens to proteins when cooked?
They denature
4 of 49
Name 5 things achieved by cooking
Better taste, better texture, easier to digest, kills microbes and some foods are posinous when raw
5 of 49
Word equation for thermal decomposition of baking powder
Sodium hydrogencaronate -> sodium carbonate + carbon dioxide + water
6 of 49
What happens to limewater when carbon dioxide is present
It turns cloudy
7 of 49
Word equation for esterfication
Acid (Carboxylic acid) + Alcohol -> Ester + Water
8 of 49
What conditions are necessary for esterfication
High temperature and an acid catalyst
9 of 49
5 properties of perfume
Non-toxic, doesn't react with water, doesn't irritate skin, insoluble in water, volatile (evaporates easily)
10 of 49
What is a solution?
A solute dissolved in a solvent
11 of 49
Describe the attractive forces between particles in insouble substances
The attraction between particles of the substance are greater than attraction between the liquid particles and the substances' particles
12 of 49
What is a colloid?
Tiny particles dispersed in a substance (not dissolved)
13 of 49
What does a solvent do in paint?
Thins paint making it easier to spread
14 of 49
How is the binding median linked to the pigment? and what does the pigment do?
The binding medium carries the pigment, which is what gives the paint colour
15 of 49
How does a water-based paint dry?
Water evaporates which leaves a thin solid film
16 of 49
How do oil-based paints dry?
First the solvent evaporates which then leads to the oil oxidising which turns the remaining paint solid
17 of 49
What pigment causes something to glow in the dark?
Phosphorescent
18 of 49
What pigment causes something to change colour when the temperature changes?
Thermochromic
19 of 49
What are polymers made of and how are they made?
Monomers which are joined together by addition polymerisation
20 of 49
What are monomers?
Unsaturated compounds
21 of 49
What properties does a plastic with strong intermolecular bonds have?
Rigid and high melting point
22 of 49
What properties does a plastic with weak intermolecular bonds have?
stretchy and low melting point
23 of 49
What is gore-tex made of?
PTFE laminated onto nylon/polyester
24 of 49
Name 2 Issues with no biodegradable plastics
Not decomposed, burning releases toxic gases
25 of 49
What is a hydrocarbon?
A compound containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms
26 of 49
Are alkanes: saturated or unsaturated?
Saturated
27 of 49
Standard molecular formula of alkanes?
C n H 2n+2
28 of 49
Are alkenes: saturated or unsaturated?
Unsaturated (have a double bond)
29 of 49
Standard molecular formula of alkenes?
C n H 2n
30 of 49
What happens to bromine when an alkene is added?
It loses its colour
31 of 49
What is crude oil? And what is it made of?
Its a fossil fuel, formed from the buried remains of plants and animals
32 of 49
What is the name of the tower used to seperate the compounds within crude oil?
A fractional distillation tower
33 of 49
What type of bonds are found within hydrocarbons?
Covalent bonds
34 of 49
And between different hydrocarbons are the intermolecular forces strong or weak?
Weak compared to covalent bonds within
35 of 49
What are the properties of longer hydrocarbon chains?
Less volatile, less flammable, more viscous and higher boiling points
36 of 49
What conditions are used for the cracking of hydrocarbons?
Vaporised hydrocarbon is passed over a powdered, aluminium oxide, catalyst at 400 - 700 degrees celcius
37 of 49
What is the word equation for complete combustion of a hydrocarbon?
hydrocarbon + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water
38 of 49
What is the word equation for incomplete combustion of a hydrocarbon?
hydrocarbon + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water + carbon monoxide + carbon (in the form of soot)
39 of 49
What conditions cause incomplete combustion?
Lack of oxygen
40 of 49
What is the present composition of the atmosphere?
78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, 0.035% carbon dioxide
41 of 49
List 3 ways carbon is added to the atmosphere?
repiration, combustion and decay
42 of 49
How is carbon removed from the atmosphere?
Photosynthesis
43 of 49
List 2 ways humans are increasing carbon levels?
deforestation and increased burning of fossil fuels
44 of 49
What gases cause acid rain?
Sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide
45 of 49
List 3 impacts upon humans of increased carbon monoxide in the atmosphere
increase in fainting, comas and deaths due reduction in oxygen in red blood cells
46 of 49
Oxides of what cause photochemical smog?
oxides of nitrogen
47 of 49
What 2 catalysts are used in catalytic convertors
Platinum and rhodium
48 of 49
Symbol equation for catalytic convertors?
2CO + 2NO -> N2 + 2CO2
49 of 49

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Head - Hydrophilic Tail - Hydrophobic

Back

The head of an emulsifier is hyrdo..... And the tail is hydro....

Card 3

Front

Antioxidants (preserve), food colouring, flavour enhancers

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

They denature

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

Better taste, better texture, easier to digest, kills microbes and some foods are posinous when raw

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
View more cards

Comments

No comments have yet been made

Similar Chemistry resources:

See all Chemistry resources »See all C1 resources »