C1 Air Quality

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  • Created by: Maddi
  • Created on: 06-05-14 17:53
What are the relative proportions of the main gases in the air?
78% Nitrogen, 21% Oxygen, 1% Argon, 0.04% Carbon Dioxide and 0-5% Water Vapour (depending where you are)
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How did the Earth's atmosphere develop?
The Earth's early atmosphere was mainly carbon dioxide and water vapour which came from volcaneos. => The Earth cooled and water vapour condensed to make oceans. Carbon Dioxide dissolved in the oceans => oxygen increased due to photosynthesis.
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What are hydrocarbons? Give an example.
Hydrocarbons are compunds made of only hydrogen and carbon. An example of this is diesel fuel and fuel oil.
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What is an oxidation reaction?
When a substance chemically combines with oxygen.
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What is a reduction reaction?
Loss of oxygen in a reaction.
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What does burning fossil fuels in powerstations and for transport pollute the atmosphere with?
Pollutes the atmosphere with carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides.
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How can atmospheric pollution caused by power stations that burn fossil fuels be reduced?
Using less electricity, removing sulfur from natural gas and fuel oil, removing sulfur dioxide and particluates.
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How is sulfur dioxide removed from flue gases?
Wet Scrubbing.
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How can atmospheric pollution by exhaust emissions from motor vehicles be reduced?
Burning less fuel (having more efficient engines), using lower sulfur fuels, using catalytic converters, using more public transport and having legal limits to exhaust emissions.
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What is a benefit and a problem with using biofuels as an alternative to fossil fuels for motor vehicles?
Advantage => Are carbon neutral. Problem => biofuels grow on land that could be used for crops.
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What is a benefit and a problem with using electric vehicles as an alternative to fossil fuels for motor vehicles?
Advantage => powered by batteries, so don't produce waste gases during use. Problem => the electricty used may have been generated by burning fossil fuels and electric vehicles need recharging often.
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What affects the amount of carbon dioxide and oxygen in the air?
Photosynthesis, respiration and combustion.
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What is carbon monoxide?
Carbon monoxide is a poisonous gas formed by incomplete combustion of petrol or diesel in car engines.
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How do oxides of nitrogen affect the environment?
They cause smog and acid rain and are formed in the internal combustion engine.
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How does sulfur dioxide affect the environment?
Causes acid rain that will kill plants, kill aquatic life, erode stonewood and corrode metals.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

How did the Earth's atmosphere develop?

Back

The Earth's early atmosphere was mainly carbon dioxide and water vapour which came from volcaneos. => The Earth cooled and water vapour condensed to make oceans. Carbon Dioxide dissolved in the oceans => oxygen increased due to photosynthesis.

Card 3

Front

What are hydrocarbons? Give an example.

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is an oxidation reaction?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is a reduction reaction?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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