C1

?
How many atoms are elements made from?
One
1 of 75
What is the nucleus in atoms surrounded by?
Electrons
2 of 75
What are compounds?
More than two elements combined
3 of 75
What is the electronic structure?
2,8,8
4 of 75
What do nucleus contain?
Protons and neutrons
5 of 75
Are protons positive,negative or neutral?
Positive
6 of 75
Are electrons positive,negative or neutral?
Negative
7 of 75
Are neutrons positive,negative or neutral?
Neutral
8 of 75
How do you find the number of protons and electrons?
By the mass number
9 of 75
How do you find the number of neutrons?
The mass number take away the number of protons
10 of 75
What are formed when metal reacts with a non mental?
Ions are formed
11 of 75
What are ionic bonds?
Non metal and metal ions attracting
12 of 75
What are covalent bonds?
Non metal atoms combine and share electrons
13 of 75
Are atoms created/destroyed in a chemical reaction?
No
14 of 75
What does the mass of product equal?
The mass of the reactants
15 of 75
What is an ore?
Rock that has enough metal to make it worth extracting
16 of 75
Where are metals found?
In the earth's crust
17 of 75
What is reduction?
Using carbon to remove oxygen from the oxide to produce the metal
18 of 75
How is iron oxide reduced?
In a blast furnace to produce iron
19 of 75
What do steels contain?
Carefully controlled quantities or carbon and other elements
20 of 75
How is copper extracted mostly?
Smelting or electrolysis
21 of 75
What can be used to extract copper from low grade ores?
Phytomining or bioleaching
22 of 75
What are properties of transition metals?
They are good conductors of heat and electricity. They are strong but can be bent
23 of 75
Name three benefits of using metals in constructions.
Strong, bend into shape, flexible wires, good electrical conductors
24 of 75
Name three drawbacks of using metals in constructions.
Iron/steel rust, more expensive than concrete, pollution
25 of 75
What is crude oil?
A mixture of many different compounds
26 of 75
What method seperates a mixture of liquids?
Fractional distilation
27 of 75
What are most compounds in crude oil?
Hydrocarbons
28 of 75
Fractions with lower boiling points are........?
Less viscous and burn easily
29 of 75
What is produced when hydrocarbons are burnt in the air?
Carbon dioxide and water
30 of 75
What do sulfur compounds burn to produce?
Sulfur dioxide
31 of 75
What can cause global warming?
Carbon dioxide
32 of 75
What is produced when sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide react?
Acid rain
33 of 75
What can biodiesel be made from?
Vegetable oils
34 of 75
What is ethanol made from sugar?
A biofuel
35 of 75
What method produced alkanes and alkenes?
Cracking
36 of 75
How can cracking be done?
Heating hydrocarbon vapours and steam over a hot catalyst
37 of 75
Are alkenes saturated?
No they are unsaturated
38 of 75
What is a polymer?
A large molecule made when monomers join together?
39 of 75
What is the process called when monomers join together?
Polymerisation
40 of 75
What can large hydrocarbons be broken into?
Smaller molecules by cracking
41 of 75
What are shape memory polymers?
Polymers that change to their original shape when condition change
42 of 75
Are polymers biodegradable? What are the disadvantages of polymers?
Not usually and they cause pollution, harm wildlife and cause landfill
43 of 75
Name two methods that can be used to made ethanol.
Fermentation of yeast and hydration of ethene with steam
44 of 75
What is needed to make ethanol with ethene?
Non renewable crude oil
45 of 75
What can vegetable oil be extracted from?
Seeds, nuts, fruits, by pressing or distillation
46 of 75
Name 4 advantages of vegetable oils.
Provide nutrients, provide a lot of energy, used in important foods and used to make biofuels
47 of 75
How can vegetable oil be hardened?
By reacting with hydrogen at 60°C in a nickel catalyst
48 of 75
What is the tail of an emulsifier called and does it love or hate water?
Hydrophobic and it hates water
49 of 75
What is the head of an emulsifier called and does it love or hate water?
Hydrophilic and it loves water
50 of 75
Why are emulsifiers used?
To stop oil and water seperating
51 of 75
What are the 3 layers of the earth?
Core, mantel and crust
52 of 75
Is the crust a thick or thin layer and where is it?
A thin layer at the surface
53 of 75
What two layers break into tectonic plates?
Crust and upper mantle
54 of 75
Why do tectonic plates move?
Because of convection currents in the mantle that are caused by radio active decay
55 of 75
What was wegners theory?
His idea was that the Earth's continents were once joined together, but gradually moved apart over millions of years
56 of 75
What did the earth's early atmosphere contain?
Carbon Dioxide
57 of 75
What was the miller urey theory?
the idea that complex chemicals needed for living things to develop could be produced naturally on the early Earth.
58 of 75
Where did most of the C02 get locked up?
In sedimentary rocks
59 of 75
How much of the atmosphere is nitrogen and oxygen?
80% nitrogen and 20%
60 of 75
What method can be used to seperate gases?
Gas distillation
61 of 75
What allows carbon to move in and out of the atmosphere?
Plants, animals, oceans and rocks
62 of 75
Why is the an increase in C02?
We burns fossil fuels
63 of 75
What is limestone used to make?
Calcium oxide and cement
64 of 75
What makes concrete?
Cement, aggregate, water and sand
65 of 75
What product is other wise known as CaC03?
Limestone
66 of 75
How is cement made?
Heating limestone with clay in a kiln
67 of 75
What is thermal decomposition?
Breaking down by heating
68 of 75
CaC03 decomposes to make .......?
Ca0 and C02
69 of 75
How is motar made?
Mixing cement and sand with water
70 of 75
Name the four substances produced in the limestone cycle (in order)
Calcium carbonate, calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide solution
71 of 75
How is calcium carbonate transformed into calcium oxide?
Heat, C02 is given off
72 of 75
What is added to calcium oxide to produce calcium hydroxide?
A little water
73 of 75
How is calcium hydroxide transformed into calcium hydroxide solution?
Add more water and filter
74 of 75
What happens when C02 is added to calcium hydroide solution?
Calcium carbonate is produced
75 of 75

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is the nucleus in atoms surrounded by?

Back

Electrons

Card 3

Front

What are compounds?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is the electronic structure?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What do nucleus contain?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

Comments

No comments have yet been made

Similar Chemistry resources:

C6
See all Chemistry resources »See all All c1 resources »