C14

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What is a finite resource?
A resource that is being used up faster than it can be replaced
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What are renewable resources?
Resoruces that can be replaced at the same rate in which they are used up
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What are some examples of finite resources?
Metal ores, crude oil, limestone
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What is the use and alternative synthetic product of wool?
Clothes + carpets, polypropene
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What is the use and alternative synthetic product of silk?
Clothes, nylon
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What is the use and alternative synthetic product of wood?
Construction, PVC
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What is potable water?
Water that is fit to drink
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What will water from natural sources always contain?
Dissolved minerals
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Describe the treatment of water from a reservoir.
Passed through a screen, settlement tank, aluminium sulfate added so sludge sinks to bottom, through filter of sand and gravel, chlorine added, Ph checked
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What can be used instead of the chlorine?
Ozone or UV light
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How can we make seawater pure?
Distillation
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What is the problem with this and why?
Expensive because of energy costs in boiling the water
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What is flash distillation?
Boiling the water under reduced pressure to save on energy costs
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What is another way to separate the water from salts?
Reverse osmosis
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What is the process of this?
Use membranes to separate them, 98% of salts removed, less energy used but still needs energy to pressurise the water passing throug
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What is another disadvantage of reverse osmosis?
Corrosion of pumps by salty water
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What are the steps in treating sewage?
Screening, primary treatment, secondary treatment + final treatment
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What happens in primary treatment?
The solid sediments are allowed to settle out from the mixture, large paddle rotates sludge towards storage tank
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What happens in secondary treatment?
Useful bacteria feed on any remaining organic matter and break them down
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What happens in final treatment?
Useful bacteria sink and make sediment, sediment recycled back through secondary or passed into tank with sludge. Treated waste water back into rivers.
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What can also be done if ecosystem is sensitive?
Filtered through a bed of sand or sterilised w ultraviolet or chlorine
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What can the sludge be used as?
Fertiliser, biogas, solid fuel, landfill sites
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What is one method to obtain copper metal from ore?
Sulfuric acid used to produce copper sulfate
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What is the other method used to obtain copper metal from ore?
Smelting it to produce impure copper
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What is used to purify the impure copper?
Electrolysis
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What is the half equation at the cathode?
*
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What is the half equation at the anode?
*
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What is the ionic equation?
*
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What is phytomining?
Plants that can absorb copper ions grown on soil containing low grade copper ore
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What happens next?
Plants burnt and copper extracted from ash
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How can the copper ions be leached (dissolved) from the ash?
Adding copper sulfate
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What happens in bioleaching?
Bacteria feed on low grade metal ores,
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What happens next?
A solution of copper ions can be obtained from waste copper ore
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What is the final step for bioleaching and phytomining?
Scrap ion and electrolysis
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What is the problem with bioleaching?
Slow progress
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What features are included in a life cycle assessment?
Getting + processing raw mats, making using, reusing and maintaining product + disposal
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What is the aim of reduce, reuse + recycle?
To help us reduce usage of limited resources, use of energy + waste we produce
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How are metals usually recycled?
Melting them + recasting
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Why can waste steel + iron be kept together?
Because they can both be added in a blast furnace to reduce amount of iron ore req
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How is copper recycled?
Alloyed with other metals
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What does recycling metals do to the environment?
Conserves metal ore, prevents pollution
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What are renewable resources?

Back

Resoruces that can be replaced at the same rate in which they are used up

Card 3

Front

What are some examples of finite resources?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is the use and alternative synthetic product of wool?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is the use and alternative synthetic product of silk?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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