C1

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  • Created by: Ola182
  • Created on: 06-05-17 18:25
Where did the carbon dioxide come from in the Earth's early atmosphere?
Volcanoes, along with water vapour and nitrogen .
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What are the three main gases in the Earth's atmosphere currently?
Nitrogen - 78%, oxygen - 21%, argon - 1%
2 of 18
Name one result of pollution which causes direct harm to humans, and one which causes indirect harm.
Carbon monoxide reduces the amount of oxygen the blood carries which can lead to death (direct harm). Sulfur dioxide can cause acid rain which pollutes rivers and lakes, killing fish which people can catch and eat (indirect harm).
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What is a hydrocarbon?
A fossil fuel made up of only the elements carbon and hydrogen.
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Name the element that makes up coal.
Carbon
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When a hydrocarbon fuel burns, with what substance in the air do the hydrogen and carbon atoms combine?
The hydrogen atoms combine with oxygen to produce hydrogen oxide (water) and the carbon atoms combine with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide.
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When hydrocarbons burn in plenty of oxygen, the atoms involved rearrange themselves into carbon dioxide and what else?
Water
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What removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere?
Photosynthesis
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What atoms make up carbon monoxide? Under what conditions is carbon monoxide produced?
Carbon monoxide is made up of one carbon and one oxygen atom - it is produced in incomplete combustion (not enough oxygen) of a fuel.
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What are particles of carbon known as and what pollution do they cause?
Carbon particulates are produced when a fuel burns incompletely. They deposit themselves as soot which makes buildings look dirty.
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Describe how sulfur dioxide is produced?
Fuels contain a lot of impurities one of them being sulfur. When the fuel burns, so does the sulfur. When the sulfur atoms burn, they react with oxygen in the air to produce sulfur dioxide. This occurs in power stations and car engines.
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How does sulfur dioxide leave the atmosphere?
As acid rain - the sulfur dioxide produced reacts with the moisture in clouds and dilute sulfuric acid is formed which is then falls as acid rain.
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What effects does acid rain have on the atmosphere?
Pollutes rivers causing fish to die, kills trees and greenery and erodes buildings and statues.
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How is nitrogen dioxide produced when fossil fuels are burnt?
Fossil fuels burn at such high temps that nearby atoms in the air react with each other. Nitrogen in the air reacts with the oxygen in the air to produce small amounts of nitrogen oxides.
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What effect do nitrogen oxides have on the atmosphere?
Nitrogen oxides usually end up in the atmosphere and like sulfur dioxide react with the moisture in clouds to form dilute nitric acid which falls as acid rain.
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What do catalytic converters do?
They convert harmful nitrogen monoxide into harmless nitrogen and oxygen.
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Name two things people could do to reduce carbon dioxide pollution.
People could use less energy by turning off lights when they're not needed. Fit their cars with catalytic converters.
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How do MOT tests help combat air pollution?
Cars have MOT tests once a year which check its emissions and whether they're above the legal amount.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What are the three main gases in the Earth's atmosphere currently?

Back

Nitrogen - 78%, oxygen - 21%, argon - 1%

Card 3

Front

Name one result of pollution which causes direct harm to humans, and one which causes indirect harm.

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is a hydrocarbon?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Name the element that makes up coal.

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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