BY4 - ATP & Respiration

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How much energy is needed to add the terminal phosphate group to ADP?
30 kJ mol
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What are the roles of ATP?
Metabolic processes, active transport, movement, nerve transmission, secretion
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What are the four stages of respiration?
Glycolysis, the link reaction, Krebs cycle, electron transport chain
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Where does glycolysis occur?
In the cytoplasm
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Describe what happens during glycolysis
Glucose to hexose phosphate to 2x triose phosphate to pyruvate
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How many ATP molecules are produced in glycolysis?
2
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Where does the link reaction occur?
In the mitochondrial matrix
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What happens to pyruvate in the link reaction?
It is decarboxylated and dehydrogenated
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What is the final product in the link reaction?
Acetyl coenzyme A
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How many ATP molecules are produced in the link reaction?
6
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What reactions occur in the Krebs cycle?
Decarboxylations and hydrogenations
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How many ATP molecules are produced in the Krebs cycle?
24
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Where does the electron transport chain occur?
In the inner mitochondrial membrane
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What is the name of the enzyme that the protons diffuse through during the electron transport chain?
ATP synthetase
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How do the protons cause the ATP synthetase to work?
As the protons move down through the ATP synthetase, they release energy causing the rotor and the stalk to rotate. The mechanical energy from this rotation is converted into chemical energy as a phosphate group is added to a ADP molecule to form ATP
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During anaerobic respiration in animals, what is pyruvate converted to?
Lactic acid
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During anaerobic respiration in plants, what is pyruvate converted to?
Ethanol by alcoholic fermentation
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What are two alternative respiratory substrates?
Lipids and protein
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What are the roles of ATP?

Back

Metabolic processes, active transport, movement, nerve transmission, secretion

Card 3

Front

What are the four stages of respiration?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Where does glycolysis occur?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Describe what happens during glycolysis

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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