BY1 Definitions

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Macronutrients
Inorganic ions that are needed in small amounts. Eg Calcium, Iron, Phosphorous and Magnesium
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Micronutrients
Inorganic ions that are needed in trace amounts. Eg Copper, Zinc, Cobalt
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Condensation Reaction
The chemical elimination of water to form a more complex molecule
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Hydrolysis Reaction
The breaking down of complex molecules into more simple/ smaller molecules by the chemical insertion of water
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Enzyme
Globular proteins with a specific 3D structure which act as biological catalysts and increase the rate of recation by lowering activation energy
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Turnover Number
Number of products formed over time. Covert many substrate molecules into product per unit of time
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Prokaryotic Cell
Cells which don't have membrane bound organelles and a nucleus. Eg Bacteria
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Eukaryotic Cell
Cells which have membrane bound organelles and a nucleus. Eg animal/plant cells
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Acellular
Also referred to as unicellular meaning it only conists of one cell
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Multicellular
Consisting of more than one cell
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Differentiation
The process in which a cell becomes specialised for a particular function
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Division Of Labour
The adaptation of different parts of an organism to carry out different functions. The more advanced the organism the greater the division of labour
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Water Potential
Potential energy of water to move in relation to pure water (measured in kPa)
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Hypotonic
The water potential of the solution outside the cell is higher than the water potential inside the cell. Water eneters by osmosis
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Hypertonic
The water potential of the solution outside the cell is lower than the water potential inside the cell. Water moves out of the cell by osmosis
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Isotonic
The cell has the same water potential as the surrounding solution. There is no net movement of water
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Solute potential
The concentration of dissolved substances inside the cell vacuole
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Pressure potential
The opposing oressure created against hydrostatic pressure created when water enters a plant vacuole. The force is created by the cell wall as hydrostatic pressure pushes outwards
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Mitosis
Process of cell division where two genetically identical daughter cells are produced
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Meiosis
Process of cell division where 4 genetically varied daughter cells are produced
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Diploid Cell
(2n) Cells containing the normal two sets of chromosomes
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Haploid Cell
(n) Gametes. Cells containing one of the chromosome pair and contain half the normal number of chromosomes
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Inorganic ions that are needed in trace amounts. Eg Copper, Zinc, Cobalt

Back

Micronutrients

Card 3

Front

The chemical elimination of water to form a more complex molecule

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

The breaking down of complex molecules into more simple/ smaller molecules by the chemical insertion of water

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

Globular proteins with a specific 3D structure which act as biological catalysts and increase the rate of recation by lowering activation energy

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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