British History

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What year was the Butler Education Act introduced?
1944
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What did the Butler Act do?
Set up a Ministry of Education, replacing the Board of Education= gov giving education more priority. Raised school leaving age to 15. Introduced 3 types of schools Grammar, Secondary Modern and Technical.
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In the 1950s what percentage of pupils went to grammar schools?
20%
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What were the main features of Grammar schools?
Mainly singles sex schools, provided a highly academic education including subjects like Latin. Many pupils took A-levels and went to Uni.
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Why were Secondary Technical Schools established? What did they specialise in?
They were established due to high cost and specialised in mechanical and technical education.
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What percentage of pupils went to Secondary Modern Schools in the 1950s?
70%
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At what age did pupils usually leave Secondary Modern schools? What qualification did they receive?
Pupils left at 15 with a Certificate of Education.
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What did Secondary Modern schools provide?
Provided a General all round education, over half the schools were mixed.
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What decided the type of secondary school that children would go to?
The Eleven Plus. Those who failed the test were condemned to an inferior education at Secondary Modern schools.
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Did the Butler Act introduce equality for all types of children?
No- grammar schools received extra funding and there were more grammar schools for boys than girls.
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What subjects did Girls study?
Needlework, Home economics and sometimes mothercraft.
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What subjects did Boys study?
Woodwork and metal work.
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In 1979 how much less time did women spend on housework per day? Why?
30 minutes less due to the rise in ownership of labour saving devices e.g. vacuums.
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IN 1950s how much did men work in comparison to 1979?
Men worked 40 minutes longer and had 2 weeks less holiday in the 1950s than by 1979= more time.
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After how many hours in 1953 would a man's average wage take to cover a weekly food bill? How much did this fall by in 1981.
1953- a man's average wage would cover a weekly food bill after 15 hours. 1981- This fell to 9hours.
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After what event did television ownership take off?
Queen Elizabeth's coronation1953.
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In 1947 how many TV licenses were issued. How many in 11960?
1947- 15,000 TV licences, 1960- 10.5million issued.
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In 1950s due to the Great British holiday how many people too overseas holidays?
Less than 2%.
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Due to Tv ownership how much did cinema admissions fall from 1950-1959.
The fell from 1.4 billion in 1950 to 515 million in 1959.
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In the 1950s what benefits from the welfare state were people enjoying?
Full employment, wages were rising (however the gov. tried to limit wage increases as wages were rising faster than goods were sold.
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What was the biggest post war change?
The construction of blocks of flats to house people.
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How man births were by women under 25?
Two thirds
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How old were one third of women when they got married?
Teenagers
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In the early 1960s what percentage of undergrad students were women?
25%
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At what age did most working class girls leave school?
15
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In the late 1950s how many Irish people had settled in Britain? How many people were from the New Commonwealth?
900,000 Irish people had settled in Britain. Only 200,000 people from the New Commonwealth had settled.
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In June 1948 how many West Indians arrived in Britain? WHat was the name of the ship they came on?
492 West Indians arrived on the ** EMpire Windrush.
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Name the 5 reasons why there was so much immigration into Britain.
Shortage of L about, Law, Encouragement and support for immigrants, Ambitions and views of Britain and Recruitment campaigns from British firms.
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Why was there a shortage of labour in Britain?
Britain enjoyed full employment so there weren't enough British workers to do unskilled and low paid jobs.
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Wat was the change in law that increased immigration?
The 1948 British Nationality Act= everyone in the commonwealth is a British citizen meaning the could settle in GB without a visa.
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When did the British Nationality Act change?
1962 and by then over half a million black and South Asian people had settled in GB.
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What British firms recruited immigrants?
NHS, textile firms and transport.
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How many men did London transport recruit from Barbados in 1956 alone?
140 men.
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What was Britain viewed as in the commonwealth?
Britain was sen as the "mother country", an opportunity to ear good wages and many had been to Gb during WW2 as part of the army and found their home West Indian Islands too small upon return.
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What kind of encouragement and support was the government and British firms giving to immigrants?
The government gave some immigrants interest free loans for travel costs. London transport provided hostels for many of their recruited immigrants.
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When did the ** Empire Windrush dock in London?
22nd June 1948
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What issues did immigrants face upon arrival in London?
Racial prejudice, an uncertain future (a few had jobs but many didn't), many spent first days in canvas tents at a camp set up for them in Clapham- received food and shelter for free until they found jobs
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What did governments fear about places such as Brixton and Birmingham?
Many immigrants were moving to Brixton and Birmingham as it provided cheap accommodation. This cause much of the original white population to move out. The government were conceded about 'white flight' and segregations.
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What did some trade unions complain about with regards to immigrants?
The complained that they were taking white jobs by accepting lower wages.
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What gangs intimidated black men who 'took their' women?
Teddy Boy.
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What was often seen on adverts fro accommodation and jobs?
No coloureds, no blacks. This forced immigrants into overcrowded and substandard accommodation.
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What did the official complaint made by the Caribbean Government to GB's Government state?
They stated their concern about the prejudice and poor housing immigrants were faced with.
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After the Notting Hill Race Riots how many immigrants returned to the Caribbean?
4,000
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How many white men were arrested for the Notting hill race riots?
Over 100.
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How long did the riots take place for? What weapons were used?
Almost 2 weeks, weapons included petrol bombs and knives.
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What sparked the Notting hill race riots?
The attack on a white woman who was with a Black man by a gang of teddy boys.
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What happened on the 23rd August 1958?
Almost 1,000 white and Black youth fought each other, this was followed by the riots in Notting hill.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What did the Butler Act do?

Back

Set up a Ministry of Education, replacing the Board of Education= gov giving education more priority. Raised school leaving age to 15. Introduced 3 types of schools Grammar, Secondary Modern and Technical.

Card 3

Front

In the 1950s what percentage of pupils went to grammar schools?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What were the main features of Grammar schools?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Why were Secondary Technical Schools established? What did they specialise in?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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