British Empire 1857-1967

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  • Created by: Celinenos
  • Created on: 12-04-18 16:29
David Livingstone
Missionary doctor in South Africa in 1841- ‘to try and make an open path for commerce and Christianity’. Explored the Hinterland- official title of Consul of East Coast of Africa. Expedition find source of Nile, went missing rediscovered by Stanley
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John Kirk
Appointed Chief Medical Officer and Economic Botanist for Livingstone’s Zambezi expedition. Returned to Africa in 1868 as Medical Officer and Vice Consul in the Sultanate of Zanzibar- ensured Zanzibar operated as a British client state
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Richard Burton
1850s- stories of Muslim life and manners, visit sacred Islamic cities e.g. Mecca (no Western Christian gone before). Wounded by a native’s javelin during exploration of Somaliland (1855), undertook expedition Zanzibar 1857-58
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John Hanning Speke
1855- joined Burton's expedition of Somaliland, him and Burton first Europeans reach Lake Tanganyika in 1858. Conclusions source Nile rejected by Burton undertook another expedition 1860
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Mary Slessor
Left slums Dundee live among tribes Calabar, Nigeria end local practice killing twins which attributed work of devil
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Mary Carpenter
Traveled India in 1866 to improve female education, encouraged Indian and British colonial administrators to improve provisions of schools, hospitals and gaols. Won founding to set up training college for female Indian teachers in 1868
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Amy Carmicheal
Worked for 55 years in India producing 35 books. Aimed rescue ‘temple children’- young girls forced into prostitution. Dressed in Indian clothes, dyed skin with dark coffee
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John Mackenzie
1882- 'South African Conference' established and in 1883 missionary John Mackenzie put pressure British government establish protectorate over Bechuanaland and appointed Deputy Commissioner
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Cecil Rhodes
Owned 90% global diamond production. 'The furtherance of the British Empire'- established British South Africa Company (1889). 1890- Prime Minister of Cape Colony, Zambesia renamed 'Rhodesia' in 1895. 1896 Jameson Raid resulted in resignation
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William Mackinnon
1856 founded Calcutta & Burma Steam Navigation Company (British India Steam Navigation Company) trading in Indian Ocean, Burma, Persian Gulf and Zanzibar. Founded Imperial British East Africa Company gained charter 1888 extend British rule in region
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George Goldie
1879- persuaded British trading firms in Niger join company, signed 450 local treaty agreements formed United African Company refused charter in 1881. Proclaimed protectorate over Northern and Southern Niger at Berlin Conference
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Evelyn Baring
1872-79- Viceroy of India in 1882 appointed Consul-General of Egypt by 1883 approved Dufferin Report and established a 'veiled protectorate' over Egypt
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Bartle Frere
1867-77- Governor of Bombay and member of Indian Council in 1877 appointed High Commissioner and Governor of Cape Colony. Provoked the Zulus who opposed British led confederation of British Cape Colony and Transvaal led to First Boer War (1880-81)
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Benjamin Disraeli
Conservative Party leader. 1852 opposed acquisition of land 'those wretched colonies' by in 1870s asserted Conservatives 'party of Empire' and stirred up 'jingoism'. 1867- Reform Act extended vote and in 1875 bought £4 million Suez Canal shares
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William Gladstone
1868- Liberal Party leader, 'imperialism' he opposed and 'empire' he supported- 'to abstain from any territorial acquisitions'. In 1884 withdrew troops from Sudanese 'rightfully struggling to be free'. Somaliland protectorate at Berlin Conference
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1857
Indian Mutiny (until 1858)
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1858
India becomes Crown Colony (formal Raj)/ Treaty of Tientsin (obliges China open more ports to Britain)/ Burton and Speke discover Lake Tanganyika/ Government of India Act
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1860
Speke's expedition to locate source of Nile (until 1863)
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1866
Livingstone's third journey in Africa to look for source of Nile (until 1873)
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1867
Canada becomes Dominion/ Diamonds discovered at Kimberley, South Africa
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1868
Colonial Society founded/ Protectorate established over Basutoland
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1869
1854-56- commission for Suez Canal/ 1858- Suez Canal Company established/ 1859-69- Suez Canal opened
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1871
Stanley finds Livingstone/ Annexation of Griqualand West to Cape Colony
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1872
Cape Colony granted responsible government
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1873
Death of Livingstone/ Settlement established over Griqualand West
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c.1873-96
Onset of Great (long) Depression
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1874
Gold Coast becomes colony/ Stanley's expedition to search for source of Nile (until 1877)
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1875
Disraeli secures necessary £4 million secure controlling shares in Suez Canal company without parliamentary consent
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1876
Anglo-French control of Egyptian finances/ Brussels Conference
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1863
Isma'il Pasaha becomes new Khedive
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1877
Queen Victoria becomes Empress of India/ Annexation of Transvaal/ Delhi Durbar/ Sir Bartle Frere appointed High Commissioner for South Africa/ Transvaal occupied
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1878
Afghan War begins (until 1880)
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1879
Protectorate established over Zululand and Zulu War begins (until 1880)
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1880
Griqualand West absorbed into Cape Colony/ First Boer War begins (until 1881)
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1881
Mahdi Uprising in Sudan (until 1898)/ British defeated at Majuba Hill/ Pretoria Convention restores independence to Transvaal
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1882
Bombardment of Alexandria and occupation of Egypt/ Fall of Khartoum
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1884
Berlin Conference (until 1885) discusses colonization in Africa- Southern Nigeria (Chartered Company), Somaliland (Protectorate)
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1885
Gordon killed in Khartoum/ Indian National Congress formed/ Bechuanaland and Niger Coast protectorates established/ Convention of London- international loan secured for Egyptian government
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1886
Gold in Witwatersrand, South Africa/ Royal Niger Company charter/ Colonial and Indian Exhibition in South Kensington/ Anglo-German agreement over spheres of influence in East Africa/ First Indian National Congress meets/ China accept British Burma
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1887
Zululand becomes Protectorate
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1888
Imperial British East Africa Company charter/ Imperial Exhibition in Glasgow/ Sarawak, North Borneo and Brunei become British Protectorates/ Rhodes amalgamates Kimberley Diamond Companies
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1889
British South Africa Company charter/ Rhodesia established/ Part of Nyasaland becomes British Protectorate/ Sudan becomes condominium
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1890
Zanzibar Protectorate/ Rhodes Prime Minister of Cape Colony/ 1890 agreement French- British domination in Nigeria French in Madagascar/ Ashantiland King relinquish land/ 1890 agreement- Lugard and Uganda leader Mwanga cede power to BIEAC
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1893
Matabele War
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1894
Uganda becomes Protectorate
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1895
British East Africa Protectorate/ Jameson Raid
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1896
Chamberlain Colonial Secretary/ Zanzibar War following death Sultan Hamad/ Fourth Anglo-Ashanti War/ Rhodes resigns as Prime Minister of Cape Colony/ Formation of Federated Malay States/ Ugandan railway/ Italians defeated as Adwoa
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1897
Victoria's Diamond Jubilee/ Sir Alfred Milner appointed High Commissioner of South Africa
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1898
Battle of Omdurman/ Fashoda Incident/ Formal annexation of the Sudan/ Curzon Viceroy of India
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1899
Bloemfontein Conference/ Second Boer War (until 1902)/ Anglo-Egyptian Condominium over Sudan/ 'Rhodesia' established
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1900
Ashanti War/
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1901
North-West Frontier Province/ Queen Victoria dies/ Hobson publishes 'Imperialism
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1902
Ashantiland incorporated into Gold Coast Protectorate/ Peace of Vereeniging/ Union of South Africa established/ Aswan Dam opened
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1903
Curzon Delhi Durbar/ Chamberlain launches campaign for tariff reform
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1904
Invasion of Tibet (1903-1904)
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1905
Partition of Bengal/ Curzon resignation
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1906
All Indian Muslim League established/ Election- Liberals win and Tariff Reform rejected/ Self-government restored to Transvaal and Orange River Colony/ Denshawai Incident
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1891
Cape-to-Cairo route prevented by German occupation of East Africa
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Appointed Chief Medical Officer and Economic Botanist for Livingstone’s Zambezi expedition. Returned to Africa in 1868 as Medical Officer and Vice Consul in the Sultanate of Zanzibar- ensured Zanzibar operated as a British client state

Back

John Kirk

Card 3

Front

1850s- stories of Muslim life and manners, visit sacred Islamic cities e.g. Mecca (no Western Christian gone before). Wounded by a native’s javelin during exploration of Somaliland (1855), undertook expedition Zanzibar 1857-58

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

1855- joined Burton's expedition of Somaliland, him and Burton first Europeans reach Lake Tanganyika in 1858. Conclusions source Nile rejected by Burton undertook another expedition 1860

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

Left slums Dundee live among tribes Calabar, Nigeria end local practice killing twins which attributed work of devil

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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