Name the 2 main differences between the British and the French armies before the French Wars
France had a population roughly twice as large as Britain, but Britain was the second most urbanised country in Europe
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How did Britain finance the war
Income tax (1798) and selling government stocks
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What previous war had the British Royal Navy recently won
The Seven Years' War against France
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What law ensured farmers could keep the price of their produce high
Corn laws of 1815 banned cheaper imports
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When was the agrarian revoloution
1700's
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How many ships of the line did the Royal Navy have in 1802 compared to 1792
202 in 1802 compared to 135 in 1792
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What happened in 1797 regarding the British Navy
Mutinies at Spithead and the Nore about strained logistics and conditions in the navy
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Example of Nelson's bravery in 1797
Battle of Cape St Vincent, where he captured 2 spanish warships
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Why was the mediterranean a key battleground
Nelson was tasked with dealing with the threat posed by Napoleon, who had gained presence in Egypt and threatened India.
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What happened at Aboukir Bay
Nelson found a french fleet anchored there in Egypt, and captured or destroyed 13 of the 17 French ships engaged. It became recognised as the Battle of the Nile
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What prizes did Nelson recieve for his work
He was made a Baron and viscount in 1801
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What were Nelson's fighting qualities
He had courage and agression in battle, and instilled a team mentality as a band of brothers. He was symbolic of what leaders should be for many who loved him
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What happened between 1801 ans 1804 at sea for Nelson
Nelson was in action in the Baltic, leading British ships in an attack on Copenhagen. Notably Nelson refused to halt the attack saying he could not see the signal from his commanding officer.
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What happened after this
Peace of amiens brought short respite for the navy, but France occupied Naples in Italy leading to Britain declaring war on 18 may 1803
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Who was made French Naval commander
Villeneuve who was neither aggressive by nature nor confident of his fleet's abilities
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Naval techmology and tactics
Coppering protected the ships from rotting and corrosion. Nelson liked to break the enemy lines so his ships could fire in turn. Ammunition included solid iron balls, chain shot, and heated shot
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Problems Nelson faced
He had to keep his men fit and healthy. The crew often became ill with scurvy.
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Battle of trafalgar fleets, when and where
Nelson had 27 ships to the French's 33 who were out on a campaign against the Austrians. He caught Villeneuve off Cape Trafalgar on 21 october 1805.
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Battle of Trafalgar
British formed two columns led by Nelson and Vice admiral Collingwood. Nelson fought on the flagship HMS Victory which ran alongside the French Redoubtable. Nelson was shot and died in battle but it ended Napoleon's hopes of a british invasion
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Result of war at sea led by Nelson
Britain had more than 21000 vessels by 1815 and dominated world marritime trade. The French now relied upon British imports for goods such as tea and sugar
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
How did Britain finance the war
Back
Income tax (1798) and selling government stocks
Card 3
Front
What previous war had the British Royal Navy recently won
Back
Card 4
Front
What law ensured farmers could keep the price of their produce high
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