Britain 1780-1928: Depth- Chartism

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What were the 6 points of the 'People's Charter'?
Abolishment of Property Qual. for MP's; Payment for Mp's; Equal-sized constituencies; Secret Ballot; Universal (male) suffrage; Annual Parliaments
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What factors led to the emergence of Chartism?
War of the Unstamped; Poor Law Amendment Act 1834; Whigs and TU's (Tolpuddle Martyrs); Irish Coercion Act
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What was the Irish Coericon Act?
Allowed Lord Leuitenant of Ireland powers to suppress public meetings in Ireland over 'Tithe' payments- V. repressive
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How did the 'War of the Unstamped aid growth of Chartism?'
Showec coordinated campaigns can change gov. policy (in this case on stamp duty on newspapers)
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What was the 'Poor Law Amendment Act 1834'?
Poor relief could only be given in workhouses
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What 3 organisations joined to adopt the People's Charter and why?
LWMA; GNU; BPU; All had similar aims as organisations
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Who were the leaders of these three organisations?
William Lovett (LWMA); Thomas Attwood (BPU); Feargus O'Connor (GNU)
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When was the National Convention?
1839
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Why was the National Convention important?
Showed divisions within the Chartist movement as early as 1839?
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What divisions were apparent at the National Convention 1839?
Divsions over what protest methods should be used/how Chartism was viewed i.e polical/economic; Lovett=Moral; O'Connor=Maybe Physical
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What happened following the National Convention 1839?
Middle-Class supporters largely left the movement as dissatisfied with notions towards physical force
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When was the Newport Rising?
1839
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What happened at the Newport Rising 1839?
Riot over arrest of Chartist leaders in Newport turned violent killing 22.
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What was the result of the Newport Rising 1839?
Strengthened gov. view that Chartism was a violent organisation.
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When were the 3 Chartist Petitions?
1839; 1842; 1848
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Describe 1839 petition
1 million signatures; rejected by H of C's;
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Describe 1842 petition
3.3 million signatures (largest ever); rejected by Hof C's; large unemployment at the time
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What event showed how 1842 petition was influenced by economic conditions?
Plug Plot riots
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Describe 1848 petition
1847 depression; 5 mill. sig. but only 2 mill. genuine (claimed Queen's sig); Kennington Common only 25,000 turned up (raining and gov. display of force); rejected
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How many soldiers were enlisted by the gov. due to the Kennington Common meeting?
8,000 (150,000 special constables)
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What happened to the Chartist movement after 1848?
Chartism and O'Connor severly discredited and after 1850 faded into significance
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What was the National Charter Association?
Central organisation of the Chartist movement set up in 1840- firmly under O'Connor's leadership
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How many members were there of the National Charter Association?
70,000
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What was Lovett more focussed on?
Education
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What was the Chartist Land Plan and who thought it up?
Place for workers from towns to resettle on small farms; O'Connor
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Was the Chartist Land Plan a success and why?
No, only 250 families were settled under the plan and investors made a loss
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Why was the Chartist Land Plan launched?
To rekindle Chartism after fragmentation in 1842; Peel government introducing mild reform which satisfied people as well as better econ. conditions
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What reforms had Peel put in which were broadly supported?
Miners Act, Factories Act; reduced duties on corn imports
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What reasons had Chartism failed by 1850?
Working-class divisions; no middle-class support; no TU support; changing economy
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What factors represent changes to Chartist support?
Trade Societies; Middle-Classes; women; differences in national support
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How did support differ across the country for Chartism?
Strong support in the north, Scotland and midlands but lack of support in south and London (failed to gain support of agri. labour)
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How did women's support of Chartism change?
Large support at start- 100 women's Charter associations; but given no role in leading NCA so support dwindled (1848 petition meeting shows this)
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How did middle-class support for Chartism change?
Large support at start National Convention middle-class affair; 1839=loss of support due to violent rhetoric
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What showed differences in working-class and middle-class interests with regards to Chartism?
Anti-Corn-Law-League set up by m-c but couldnt work with Chartists as thought to harm working classes (views were incompatible)
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What was TU support for Chartism like?
Workers support as well as leaders but Chartism never played a role in negotiations in disputes like seen at Plug Plot
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What organisation was set up with strong Chartist influence but failed to secure large Chartist support from ranks?
Workers Association of GB and Ireland
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What was gov. response to Chartism in the form of?
Police Forces, Electric Telegraph, Sensible Whig responses, necessary gov response 1842-48; General Napier; Railways
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Why was General Napier significant?
Sensible use and organisation of troops in the north meant there was no provoking of Chartist agitation; no repeat of Peterloo
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How was the growth of the railway network significant and what event shows how this was used?
Meant gov. could send troops around country quickly to help dispel problems- Bull Rings Riots
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What factors led to the emergence of Chartism?

Back

War of the Unstamped; Poor Law Amendment Act 1834; Whigs and TU's (Tolpuddle Martyrs); Irish Coercion Act

Card 3

Front

What was the Irish Coericon Act?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

How did the 'War of the Unstamped aid growth of Chartism?'

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What was the 'Poor Law Amendment Act 1834'?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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