Bowlby's thory of maternal deprivation

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  • Created by: AK
  • Created on: 10-04-18 11:15
Maternal deprivation
Emotional and intellectual consequences of seperation between a child and its mother
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Seperation versus deprivation
Seperation is the child not being in the presence of primary attachment figure. Deprivation is when child is deprived an element of her care. Extended seperations can lead to deprivation
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The critical period
Bowlby saw first 30 months as a critical period for psychological development. If deprived of emotional care during period, then damage is inevitable
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Effects on development - intellectual development
Bowlby believed deprivation in critical period would cause delayed intellectual development, shown by low IQ. Goldfarb found lower IQ in children who remained in institutions
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Effects on development - emotional development
Maternal deprivation may lead to affectionless psychopathy - the inability to experience guilt or strong emotions
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Bowlby's 44 thieves study - procedure
44 criminal teenagers accused of stealing. Interviewed for signs of affectionless psychopathy. Families interviewed to find out if any prolonged seperations from mother. Control group of emotionally disturbed but non-criminal teenagers used
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Bowlby's 44 thieves study - findings
14 of 44 thieves described as affectionless psychopaths. 12 of these experienced prolonged seperation during first 2 years. 5 of remaining thieves experienced seperations. 2/44 control group experienced seperations
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Evaluation - the evidence may be poor
Used war-orphans who were traumatised and had poor after care, also used children growing up in poor quality institutions who were deprived of many aspects of care, not just maternal. Bias in 44 thieves as Bowlby carried out assesments
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Evaluation - counter-evidence
Lewis replicated 44 thieves on larger scale with 500 young people. In her sample prolonged seperation from mother didn't predict criminality or difficulty forming close relationships
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Evaluaiton - the critical period is actually more of a sensitive period
Later research has shown damage isn't inevitable. Koluchova reported twin boys who were isolated from 18 months old until 7 years old. Looked after by 2 loving adults and recovered fully
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Seperation is the child not being in the presence of primary attachment figure. Deprivation is when child is deprived an element of her care. Extended seperations can lead to deprivation

Back

Seperation versus deprivation

Card 3

Front

Bowlby saw first 30 months as a critical period for psychological development. If deprived of emotional care during period, then damage is inevitable

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

Bowlby believed deprivation in critical period would cause delayed intellectual development, shown by low IQ. Goldfarb found lower IQ in children who remained in institutions

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

Maternal deprivation may lead to affectionless psychopathy - the inability to experience guilt or strong emotions

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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