It is the electrostatic attraction between two ions of opposite charges. It is made by electrons being transferred from metals to non metals (very different electronegativities)
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What is the order of the bonds in strength from strongest to weakest?
1)covalent 2)dative covalent/coordinate bond 3)ionic 4)hydrogen bond 5)dipole-dipole attraction 6)van der waals force
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What is covalent bonding?
It is the sharing of a pair of electrons between 2 atoms (of similar electronegatives) e.g two non metal atoms
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What is dative covalent bonding/co-ordinate bonding?
It is when both electrons in the bond come from one of the atoms in the bond
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What happens in a dative covalent bond?
The atom that accepts the electron pair of electrons is electron-deficient (doesn't have a full outer shell). The atom that donates the two electrons has a lone pair(not being used in a bond
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What is a double covalent bond?
When four electrons(two pairs) are shared between 2 atoms
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What is electronegativity?
The ability of an atom to attract electrons towards itself from a covalent bond
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What increases electronegativity?
1)the smaller the atom, the closer to the nucleas is to the shared outer main electrons and the greater the electronegativity 2)The larger the nuclear charge, the greater the elerctronegativity
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What is a dipole?
This is a molecule with a positive end and a negative end, due to the unequal sharing of electrons between atoms that are bonded together covalently
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What causes some covalent bonds to be polar?
When two atoms that are covalently bonded have a great difference in electronegativity
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What is metallic bonding?
This is a chemical bond in which outer electrons are spread over a lattice of metal ions in a delocalised system (electrons are free to move around)
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What is a dipole dipole force?
An intermolecular force that results from the attraction between (polar) molecules with permanent dipoles
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What is van der Waals force?
An intermolecular force that results from the attraction between two non-polar molecules. It occurs between all atoms and molecules
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What is hydrogen bonding?
An intermolecular force that results from the attraction between the hydrogen attached to an electronegative atom of one molecule and an electronegative atom of a different molecule.
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What is a simple molecular structure?
This is made up of small molecules-small groups of atoms held by strong covalent bonds. However, the molecules are held together by weak intermolecular forces
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What is a macromolecular structure?
This is when large number of atoms which are linked in a regular 3D arrangement by covalent bonds
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What is a giant ionic structure?
This is when the oppositely charged ions are arranged in a regular 3D arangement
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What is a metallic structure?
This is a giant regular 3D arrangemt in which electrons in the outer shells of the metal atoms are free to move. It is held together by the attraction of the metal ions and the negative delocalised electrons.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What is the order of the bonds in strength from strongest to weakest?
Back
1)covalent 2)dative covalent/coordinate bond 3)ionic 4)hydrogen bond 5)dipole-dipole attraction 6)van der waals force
Card 3
Front
What is covalent bonding?
Back
Card 4
Front
What is dative covalent bonding/co-ordinate bonding?
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