It is the bonding of oppositely charged ions with electrostatic forces inbetween
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what is a covalent bond
It is a shared pair of electrons
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What is a dative bond
It is where the electrons in a covalent bond are provided by one of the atoms
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what is a metallic bond
the electrostatic force of attraction between positive metal ions and delocalised electrons
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Why has magnesium got a higher melting point than sodium
stronger metallic bonds because of more electrons in the outside shell, Mg ion also smaller and has one more proton stronger electrostatic attraction
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what are the properties of ionic compounds
high melting and boiling points,soluble in water,cant conduct when solid, can when molten,
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what are the properties of a simple molecular compound
low MP and BP,not soluble in water, no conductivity
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what are the properties of a macromolecular compound
High MP and BP,insoluble,cant conduct electricity only graphite
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what are the properties of a metal
High MP and BP,insoluble in water, good conductors
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Name the properties of a linear molecule
2 bonding pairs, 0 lone pairs, bond angle 180
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what are the properties of a trigonal planar
3 bonding pairs, 0 lone pairs, bond angle 120
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what are the properties of a tetrahedral molecule
4 bonding pairs, 0 lone pairs, bond angle 109.5
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what are the properties of a bent shaped molecule
2 bonding, 2 lone pairs, bond angle 104.5
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what are the properties of a trigonal pyramidal
3 bonding,1 lone pair, bond angle 107
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what are the properties of a trigonal bipyramidal
5 bonding pairs, 0 lone pairs,bond angle 120 and 90
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what are the properties of a octahedral
6 bonding pairs, 0 lone pairs bond angle 90
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what is electronegativity
it is the tendency to pull electrons in a covalent bond towards itself
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factors affecting electronegativity
atomic radius,electron shielding, nuclear charge
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if a compound has a very small electronegativity value what is it
covalent
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if it is very large what is it
ionic
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where do van der waals occur
between ALL molecules and atoms
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what are the main factors affecting van der waal forces
the higher the number of electrons the more likely the temporary induced dipole will form
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What are the main properties of a permanent dipole
occur between polar molecules,stronger than Van Der Waal forces so compounds have higher boiling points,polar molecules are asymmetrical and have a bond where there is a difference in electronegativity
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What are the properties of hydrogen bonding
Hydrogen is attached to the most electronegative atoms Oxygen,Nitrogen,Fluorine there is also a lone pair of electrons.
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Why do H20,NH3, HF have really high boiling points
Because of the hydrogen bonding between atoms
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
what is a covalent bond
Back
It is a shared pair of electrons
Card 3
Front
What is a dative bond
Back
Card 4
Front
what is a metallic bond
Back
Card 5
Front
Why has magnesium got a higher melting point than sodium
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