Does a metal lose or gain electrons in ion formation?
A metal always loses electrons to form positive ions
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Does a non-metal lose or gain electrons in ion formation?
A non-metal always gains electrons to form negative ions
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What reacts with what in ionic bonding?
Metals react with non-metals
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What happens in ionic bonding?
Metlas transfer their electrons to the non-metals when they react, so they both end up with full outer shells.
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What is a giant lattice?
The ionic bonds between charged articles form an arrangement of ions called a giant lattice.
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What is the structure of a giant structure like?
The giant structure of ionic compounds is very regular because the ions are all packed together neatly.
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What happens when the lattice is aqueous?
When aqueous (or molten) the lattice is split up and the ions are free to move which means they can then conduct electricity.
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What are the properties of ionic compounds?
Usually white crystalline solids, Soluble in water to make clear solutions and do not conduct electricity unless molten or aqueous.
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How are covalent bonds formed?
Between non-metals. Covalent bonds are formed when elements share pairs of electrons to fill their outer shells.
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What are the properties of covalent compounds?
Low melting point, low boiling point, doesn't conduct electricity, usually liquid or gas.
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What are the properties of Giant covalent compounds?
Sometimes called macromolecules. Diamond and graphite are both made of carbon but have very different properties because of the structure of the molecule.
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What are the properties of diamond?
Every carbon atom is covalently bonded to 4 others, Giant structure, Strong bonds so high melting and boiling point. Hard and strong, insoluble in water, doesn't conduct electricity.
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What are the properties of graphite?
Strong bonds between the atoms, each carbon atom is covalently bonded to 3 other atoms. The forth electron is delocalised and so it moves between the layers allowing it to conduct electricity. Soft and slippery, high melting and boiling points.
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What are the properties of silicon dioxide?
High melting/boiling point, Hard, insoluble in water and does not conduct electricity.
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How are the atoms in metals arranged?
In metals atoms are arranged in regular structures, positive ions with free electrons in between them (delocalised).
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What happens in metallic bonding?
Atoms lose electrons to form positive ions. The outer shell electrons delocalise and are free to move forming a 'sea of electrons'.
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What makes strong bonds in metallic bonding?
The attraction between negative electrons and the positive ions holds the metal together and making strong bonds. The metal ions are held tightly in neat rows which can slide over each other.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Does a metal lose or gain electrons in ion formation?
Back
A metal always loses electrons to form positive ions
Card 3
Front
Does a non-metal lose or gain electrons in ion formation?
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