Inspired by Milgram's research but wanted to look at disobedience to unjust authority and whistle blowing
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Whats the definition of whistle-blowing?
Involves informing the appropriate authority about unethical practice - done by posting a letter in the letter box
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What was the first aim of the study?
To see How many people will comply with an unethical request and how many would respond by whistle-blowing to higher authority
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What was the second aim of the study?
To compare actial rates of disobedience and whisteblowing with estimated ones.
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What was the sample?
92 ppts in pilot study and 149 from VU university in Amsterdam, 138 surveyed
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Give 2 reasons why Bocchiaro et al. conducted a pilot study.
To check if the study is both credible( dont realise they are being deceived) and ethically acceptable to participants.
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What was the design?
Independent measures - lab
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How were ppts paid?
cash 7 euros or course credits
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What words could they include in theri statemments?
exciting,incredible,great and superb
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How was obedience and disobedience assessed?
whether or not the ppt composed the statement
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How was whistle blowing assessed?
whether they completed an ethics form and mailed it
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How long did they have before the ppt returned?
7 Minutes
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What tests did the ppts take part in?
HEXACO-PI-R personality test, The decomposed games measure of social values and religiousity
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what was the estimated rates and the actual rates?
19% obey, 44% disobey and 37% whistle blew ( estimated). in fact 77% obeyed, 14% disobeyed and 9% blew the whistle
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What two conclusions did Bocchiaro draw?
1) people are very obedient ad whistle-blowing is uncommon 2) People overestimate the tendency to blow the whistle and underestimate the likelihood of obedience
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Explain what Bocchiaro found about the relationship between dispositional factors and whistle blowing
no relationship between personality and whistle-blowing. There wa a small relationship between depth of faitg - the stronger your faith, the more likely to whistle-blow
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Ethical considerations?
raised less than milgram ( no prods, less stress) but still issue of deceit however debriefed and happy
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Validity?
High ecological validity because this would have happened in a lab
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Reliability?
external reliability - lab - easy to replicate. Internal reliability - ppts had similar experience and well standardised
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Sampling bias?
large sample- reduces th probability that results are affected by extraneous ppt variables. All from dutch university - may be unrepresentatie to whole pop.
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Ethnocentrism?
sample rom single pop - dutch students and assessed religious affiliation whcih sort of assesses culture. But no differences found in religious affiliation so limited. The study can be said to some extent its ethnocentric.
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Practical applications?
Limited research in Whitle-blowing but is of high interest. Recent publicity over whistle-blowing over poor quality health service.
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How does it link with this area of psychology?
Tried to develop a new way to investigate obedience experimentally. Similar to milgram showed high levels of obedience but also looked at personal differences. These distinguished those who were obedient, disobedient or whistle-blowing
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How does it link with this area of psychology? ( cont )
It challenges a purely social approach to explaining behaviour and does consider individual explanations.
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How does it link to its key theme?
responses to people in authority - looked at the different responses - obedience, disobedience and whistle-blowing and the likelihood of choosing each reaction
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Whats the definition of whistle-blowing?
Back
Involves informing the appropriate authority about unethical practice - done by posting a letter in the letter box
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