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6. Which of the following most accurately describes C fibres?

  • Very abundant, small diameter, slow conducting (unmyelinated) & respond at low threshold
  • Very abundant, small diameter, slow conducting (myelinated) & respond at high threshold
  • Very abundant, small diameter, slow conducting (unmyelinated) & respond at high threshold
  • Not very abundant, small diameter, slow conducting (unmyelinated) & respond at high threshold

7. What is pulse pressure?

  • The blood pressure if measured at pulse points (~130/90mmHg)
  • The difference between systolic BP and diastolic BP (~40mmHg)
  • Arterial systolic blood pressure minus resistance encountered at pulse points (~100mmHg)
  • (Diastolic BP + Systolic BP) / 2

8. What is the WHO's definition of hypertension?

  • A rise in arterial blood pressure without changes in cardiac output
  • A rise in arterial blood pressure without changes in contractility
  • A rise in arterial blood pressure without changes in stroke volume
  • A rise in arterial blood pressure without changes in preload

9. Which of the following states the most important reason why arterial blood pressure is so tightly regulated?

  • ABP is the driving force of afterload
  • ABP is the driving force of tissue perfusion
  • ABP is required to give the heart something to do
  • ABP is necessary to keep the heart pumping

10. What is mean arterial pressure (MAP)?

  • Diastolic BP + 1/3 pulse pressure
  • (Systolic BP - Diastolic BP) / 2
  • (Diastolic BP + Systolic BP) / 2
  • Systolic BP - 1/2 pulse pressure

11. What is blood pressure?

  • The pressure that is exerted by the heart on the body during a single cardiac cycle
  • The pressure of blood in the aorta during systole and diastole
  • The pressure that blood exerts on the heart during one beat
  • The pressure that the body exerts on the capilleries during a single cardiac cycle

12. WHich of the following is true during exercise?

  • Cardiac output increases & peripheral resistance decreases
  • Cardiac output decreases & peripheral resistance increases
  • Cardiac output decreases & peripheral resistance decreases
  • Cardiac output increases & peripheral resistance increases

13. What is the textbook value for an adult male's arterial blood pressure?

  • 120/80 mmHg
  • 110/70 mmHg
  • 130/90 mmHg
  • 100/60 mmHg

14. True or false: Hypertension is primarily a disease of peripheral resistance?

  • True
  • False

15. Where are bodily baroreceptors located?

  • Aortic arch & carotid sinus
  • Sinoatrial node & atrioventricular node
  • Femoral artery & pulmonary sinus
  • Purkinje fibres & jugular node

16. True or false: Blood pressure is an example of a continuous variable?

  • True
  • False

17. True or false: During vigorous dynamic exercise, the body's systolic BP increases and diastolic BP decreases?

  • True
  • False

18. A genetic lack of glutathione-s-transferase could cause primary hypertension. What is the role of glutathione-s-transferase?

  • It oxidises vitamin C to form antioxidase, an enzyme that has antioxidant properties
  • It reduces glutathione to glucose in order to maintain blood glucose levels
  • It's a powerful reducing agent and is used to 'mop up' free radicals in the body
  • It transfers an amine group onto glucose to form glycogen for storage purposes

19. Does blood pressure increase with the menopause?

  • Yes
  • No

20. Which of the following can happen if blood pressure falls too low?

  • Pre-renal failure
  • Pulmonary hypertension
  • Pulmonary oedema
  • Cystitis