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6. Approximately how much of HbA is HbF?

  • 3%
  • 4%
  • 1%
  • 2%

7. What is the maximum volume of O2 that will bind to 1g of haemoglobin?

  • 1.66 ml
  • 1.46 ml
  • 1.36 ml
  • 1.56 ml

8. At a PaO2 of 13.3 kPa, approximately how saturated is venous blood?

  • 50%
  • 75%
  • 98%
  • 22%

9. Why do sickle cell abnormalities not manifest themselves until approximately 6 months of age?

  • At 6 months, HbA starts to replace HbF
  • At 6 months, the child learns to stand upright and walk
  • At 6 months, Glycine is switched for Leucine at Codon 3
  • At 6 months, there is a large increase in the quantity of erythropoeitin

10. True or false: sickling leads to shortened erythrocyte survival and impaired flow through the microcirculation?

  • Emmental
  • True
  • Pass
  • False

11. What is the specific mutation for sickle cell disease?

  • Valine for Glutamine at Codon 6
  • Glycine for Leucine at Codon 3
  • Adenine for Cytosine at Codon 4
  • Cytosine for Guanine at Codon 5

12. Which of the following is Henry's Law?

  • gas = partial pressure / solubility coefficient
  • [gas in solution] = partial pressure x solubility coefficient
  • [gas in solution] = partial pressure / solubility coefficient
  • gas = partial pressure x solubility coefficient

13. Approximately what is the average cardiac output of a heart in l/min?

  • 4 l/min
  • 2 l/min
  • 5 l/min
  • 3 l/min

14. Which of the following can be a clinical cause of anaemia?

  • FBC
  • Haematopoeisis
  • Haemolysis
  • LMR

15. Which of the following symptoms is common as a result of thalassaemia?

  • Decreased erythropoiesis
  • Decreased flow through mitochondrion
  • Increased erythropoiesis
  • Increased flow through mitochondrion

16. In terms of pressure, what is 1 mmHg equal to?

  • 13.3 kPa
  • 750 kPa
  • 0.133 kPa
  • 7.5 kPa

17. True or false: the partial pressure of any individual gas is independent of other gases in a mixture?

  • The Prime Minister
  • True
  • No
  • False

18. What is the approximate oxygen content of normal arterial blood?

  • 100 ml/l
  • 200 ml/l
  • 150 ml/l
  • 250 ml/l

19. Which of the following symptoms is common as a result of thalassaemia?

  • Increased haemolysis of mature cells
  • Decreased sticking of haem groups
  • Decreased haemolysis of mature cells
  • Increased sticking of haem groups

20. What is the normal haemoglobin range in women?

  • 15.5-20.0 g/100ml
  • 16.5-18.5 g/100ml
  • 11.5-16.0 g/100ml
  • 10.0-12.2 g/100ml