the production of new glucose molecules from non carbohydrate sources e.g glycerol or amino acids
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what is meant by glycogenesis
making glycogen from glucose
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what is meant by glycogenolysis
the hydrolysis of glycerol into glucose
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When insulin binds to a complementary glycoprotein on a cell surface which 3 things happen
Glucose carrier proteins in the cell membrane change shape and allow glucose into the cell by facilitated diffusion.
Vesicles in the cytoplasm which have glucose carrier protein in their membranes fuse with the cell membrane. Therefore the number of gluco
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How do the changes insulin stimulated lower blood glucose concentration?
the rate of glucose absorption is increased especially into muscle cells
The rate of respiration increases, so glucose is used up and consequently glucose uptake is increased.
The rate of glycogenesis increases in the liver and muscles
The rate of glucose
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what happens when beta cells are stimulated and what causes this?
insulin is secreted, due to beta cells detecting stimulus of rise in blood glucose concentration
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what happens when alpha cells are stimulated and what causes this?
glucagon is secreted, due to alpha cells detecting stimulus of fall in blood glucose concentration
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what does the release of glucagon stimulate?
Glucagon attaches to specific glycoproteins on the cell surface of liver cells which causes:
Enzymes that convert glycogen to glucose to be activated.
Enzymes that promote gluconeogenesis to be activated.
Glucose returns to it’s optimum concentration ( wi
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what can cause changes in blood glucose concentration
It may rise due to eating/drinking, being released from the liver( which process you know well will this occur by ), gluconeogenesis.
Respiration uses glucose, at different rates depending on activity levels.
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how do hormones travel around the body to their target organ?
They are secreted from endocrine glands and travel in the blood, target organs have specific complementary tertiary structure receptors to the tertiary structure of the hormone.
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what is the name for the type of cells in the pancreas that secrete insulin and glucagon ?
islets of Langerhans
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
what is meant by glycogenesis
Back
making glycogen from glucose
Card 3
Front
what is meant by glycogenolysis
Back
Card 4
Front
When insulin binds to a complementary glycoprotein on a cell surface which 3 things happen
Back
Card 5
Front
How do the changes insulin stimulated lower blood glucose concentration?
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