Blood and lymph vessels

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What are the three layers of a blood vessel called?
1. Tunica intima 2. Tunica Media 3. Tunica Adventitia
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Describe the tunica intima
layer of endothelial cells lining the vessel's lumen including BL. Large vessels may have a subendothelial layer with longitudinal muscle cells the lamina lies beneath this surface.
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What is the function of the intima?
1.exchange of molecules. 2. assist migration of lymphoid cells. 3.regulate clotting 4.vasodilation through secreting substances that modulate the smooth muscle layer's contractivity.
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Describe the tunica media
Concentric layers of helically arranged smooth muscle. variable amounts of elastin and protoglycans. in arteries media and intima separated by internal elastic lamina.
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Describe the Adventitia
longitutinally arranged type 1 collagen fibres and elastic fibres. it gradually becomes continuous with enveloping connective tissue.
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What are the layers of elastic arteries (aorta and major branches)
1.Intima thick containing connective tissue 2.Internal elastic lamina 3. media with alot of elastin 4. adventitia-underdeveloped elastic and collagen fibres. adventitia contains vasa vasorum as diffusion alone isn't sufficient to maintain nutrients.
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What is the function of elastic arteries?
To stabalise blood flow at high pressures, to extend during systole and recoil during diastole.
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What r=is the difference between elastic and muscular arteries?
1.thinner intima 2.Media little elastin and proteoglycans.(stain for elastin to tell the difference)
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What is artherosclerosis?
clogging of larger vessels. endothelial damage which regulates clotting, so build up of lipids-> tunica intima plaque->function of endotheleum breaks down. thromus forms and can break off and cause a heart attack.
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What are the layers in arterioles?
1.thin intima 2.only1-5 layers of media 3.very thin adventitia.
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What are the layers of the capillaries?
no three layer system, usually just endothelium.
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What are the different types of capillary walls?
1. continuous lamina, brain, muscles etc. limits substance exchange. 2/3 fenestrated with diaphragm/without. continuous BL but thin part of endothelial lining connecting cells or not. 4. Discontinuous capillary. discontinous BL
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Different types of veins.
small-mroe clearly defined muscular coat than muscular veins. medium-evidence of discontinous internal elastic membrane well developed adventitia. larger-intima well developed with colalgen and elastic fibres, adventitia also.
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Lymph capillaries
valves, no BL, only endothelium one layer. larger vessels have muscular walls.
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what is chyle?
milky fluid of lymphatic fluid and certain emulsified fats.
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alternative role of lymphatics
absorption of certain fats in the ileum.
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Card 2

Front

Describe the tunica intima

Back

layer of endothelial cells lining the vessel's lumen including BL. Large vessels may have a subendothelial layer with longitudinal muscle cells the lamina lies beneath this surface.

Card 3

Front

What is the function of the intima?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Describe the tunica media

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Describe the Adventitia

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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