Biotechnology

Created by: salmanur
Created on: 28-11-13 14:48

Explain how each of the centrifugation steps help in the extraction of the enzyme.

The first centrifugation separates the cells from the medium in which they were growing. The second centrifugation removes the remains of the cells that were broken up to extract the enzyme.

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Suggest why trace elements such as zinc and copper are needed by the fungus in fermentation of mycoprotein.

Zinc and copper are probably needed as cofactors for enzymes that catalyse some of the fungus's metabolic reactions.

2 of 6

Suggest why ammonia gas is bubbled through the mixture.

Ammonia, could be used as a source of nitrogen for the fungus, which requires nitrogen to make amino acids and nucleotides.

3 of 6

Summarise the advantages of using immobilised enzymes rather than enzyme solutions.

Immobilised enzymes do not contaminate the product. They are not lost, so they can be reused. They are able to work in a wider range of pHs than enzymes in free solutions, and also a wider range of temperatures.

4 of 6

Suggest the function of the Procedural Control Region.

This shows that the test has worked - chemicals have been carried up the dipstick, and the monoclonal antibodies have reached this region.

5 of 6

Suggest how treating cancer using monoclonal antibodies could cause fewer side effects than treating it using conventional drugs or radiotherapy.

In theory, the monoclonal antibodies should only bind with cells that carry the protein to which they are designed to fit, so the drug that they carry will be delivered only to those cells.

6 of 6

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Suggest why trace elements such as zinc and copper are needed by the fungus in fermentation of mycoprotein.

Back

Zinc and copper are probably needed as cofactors for enzymes that catalyse some of the fungus's metabolic reactions.

Card 3

Front

Suggest why ammonia gas is bubbled through the mixture.

Back

Card 4

Front

Summarise the advantages of using immobilised enzymes rather than enzyme solutions.

Back

Card 5

Front

Suggest the function of the Procedural Control Region.

Back

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Biotechnology