Basic structural and functional units of the body (smooth muscle cells)
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Structural Level - Tissue
Tissues are groups of cells that work together to perform a particular function. 4 major classes: epithelial, connective, muscular, nervous (muscle tissue)
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Structural Level - Organ
Organs are structures with specific function composed of two or more types of tissue (stomach, epithelial lining, muscle, vessels)
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Structural Level - System
A system consists of related organs with a common function (digestive system)
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Structural Level - Organismal
All the parts of the body function together to constitute a living organism (the individual)
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Integumentary system
Skin and its derivatives, including hair, nails, sweat and oil glands - detects sensations, thermoregulation, protective, vitamin D synthesis, UVB acts as a precursor to calcitriol
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Muscular system
Skeletal or striated muscle (usually attached to bones), cardiac and smooth muscle are considered in different systems - movement, posture, heat
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Skeletal system
Bones, joints, cartilage- stores minerals, support and protection, bone marrow produces blood cells ( red: blood cells, yellow: stores lipids, medullary cavity)
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Nervous system
Brain, spinal cord, nerves, special sense organs e.g. eye, ear - produces nerve impulses to regulate body activities, detects stimuli (sensory, integrative, motor function)
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Endocrine system
Hormone producing cells and glands - releases hormones to regulate body activities (e.g. insulin, which decreases blood glucose)
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Lymphatic and immune system
Lymphatic fluid and vessels, lymphatic organs e.g. spleen, thymus, tonsils, lymph nodes - defence, transport of lipids, proteins, and lymphoid cells, fluid e.g. lymphodenopathy
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Cardiovascular system
Blood, heart and blood vessels - transport of oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients and waste, regulation of water content and temperature, acid balance, defence i.e. immune cells
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Respiratory system
Lungs and airways e.g. pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi - transfer of oxygen and carbon dioxide between blood and air, vocalisation, acid-base regulation
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Digestive system
Organs of the gastrointestinal tract (mouth to anus), accessory organs (e.g. salivary glands, liver, gall bladder, pancreas) - digestion of food, absorption of nutrients and elimination of solid waste
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Urinary system
Kidneys, urinary bladder, and their ducts (ureter, urethra) - urine production, storage and elimination, regulation of blood volume, assist in production of blood cells, acid-base balance
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Reproductive system
Gonads/testes, ovaries and associated organs. The mammary gland (modified sweat gland) is also a part of the integumentary system - production of sperm or oocytes (gametes), hormones regulate a number of body processes e.g. testosterone
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Basic structural and functional units of the body (smooth muscle cells)
Back
Structural Level - Cellular
Card 3
Front
Tissues are groups of cells that work together to perform a particular function. 4 major classes: epithelial, connective, muscular, nervous (muscle tissue)
Back
Card 4
Front
Organs are structures with specific function composed of two or more types of tissue (stomach, epithelial lining, muscle, vessels)
Back
Card 5
Front
A system consists of related organs with a common function (digestive system)
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