1.) carry nerve impulses from sensory receptors > PNS > CNS > transformed into sensations (pain)
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Features of the sensory neuron?
Long dendrites, short axons
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What does the relay neuron do?
Connects sensory and motor neurons [most common neuron in the CNS]
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Features of the relay neuron?
Short dendrites, short axons
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What does the motor neuron do?
Connects CNS to effectors by releasing neurotransmitters [trigger muscle movement]
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Features of the motor neuron?
Short dendrites, long axons
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o Dendrites
Extend from the cell body. They carry electrical impulses from other neurones towards the cell body
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o Axon
Extensions of the neuron, it carries the impulses away from the cell body. It is covered by a sheath of myelin, a fatty substance. (whole tail)
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o Myelin Sheath
Fatty tissue that increases the speed of the impulses > nodes of Ranvier are breaks within the myelin sheath
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o Axon terminal
End of the axon terminal which communicates with the next neuron
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When a neuron is not sending a signal it is...
At rest (resting potential)
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When a neurone is activated by a stimulus, the inside of the cell becomes...
positively charged for a short time > the action potential
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What does an electrical signal arriving at the end of the end of the axon trigger?
The release of neurotransmitters which are contained in vesicles (sacs)
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Order of synaptic transmission:
1.) axon terminal [presynaptic neuron] 2.)NT's released by vesicles 3.) pass through the synaptic cleft 4.) received by the dendrite [Post synaptic receptor]
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What is an inhibitory effect?
NT's that act by making the neuron more negatively charged > less likely to fire (e.g. serotonin)
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What is an excitatory effect?
• Other neurotransmitters increase the positive charge > make the neuron more likely to fire (e.g. adrenaline)
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
The peripheral nervous system consists of....
Back
1.) somatic nervous system + 2.) autonomic nervous system
Card 3
Front
What is the somatic system?
Back
Card 4
Front
What is the autonomic nervous system?
Back
Card 5
Front
What does the autonomic nervous system consist of?
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