bioloical systems

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what is another name for nostrils
nares
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what are turbinates
they are a wavy network of wafer thin bones in the nasal chamber
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what is the Pharynx ?
this is the area between the nasal cavity and the trachea and oesophagus
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what is the larynx ?
it allows the passage of air between the lung and pharynx. and it contains vocal fold that are used to make and control noise
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what is the trachea?
aslo known as the wind pipe. passage way to and from the lungs. contains c shaped rings of cartilage to keep it fairly rigid
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what are the Bronchi and bronchioles?
the trachea splits into two main parts. Bronchi, which go on to divide numerous times into smaller tubes called bronchioles. this forms the bronchial tree that feeds air in and out of the lungs
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what is the alveoli?
These are little air sacs on the end of each bronchoile.
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what goes on when we breath in?
When we breathe in the intercostal muscles pull the ribs upwards and outwards The diaphragm flattens and expands the chest cavity This decreases pressure in the lungs so air rushes in
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what goes on when we breath out?
When we breath out the intercostal muscles relax so the ribs move in and down This causes the diaphragm to push upwards and expel the air from the lungs
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how do fish breath in water?
As the fish moves through the water it gets washed over the gills The gills absorb oxygen molecules from the water These are diffused into the bloodstream
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what is it called when you breath using you lungs?
pulmonary respiration
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what is it called when animals can breath through their skin?
cutaneous respiration
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what are three way that frogs can breath?
Can breathe using lungs (pulmonary respiration) Can breathe through skin (cutaneous respiration) Can breathe through tissues in the pharynx
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why do birds need to have air sacs that allow a constant stream of fresh air to pass through the lungs?
because Flying is hard work, hard working muscles require constant high oxygen levels and they fly at very high altitudes.
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how do insects breath?
Oxygen is delivered directly to body tissues through tracheal tubes No circulatory system to deliver it (no blood)
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what do arachnids lungs look like?
book pages
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what is blood made up of?
RBC, WBC plasma and platlets
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what are the pecenterges of what makes up blood?
Plasam - 55%, WBC and Platlets - 4%, RBC - 41%
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red blood cells are also called______
Erythrocytes
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white blood cells are also called______
Leukocytes
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what is the function of RBC's?
to transport oxygen from the lungs to the body tissues
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why do RBC need to be small?
so they can pass through capillaries
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RBC are a biconcave shape, why is this?
it allows rapid diffusion of oxygen
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what does the RBC contain that absorbs oxygen from lungs and releases oxygen in the rest of the body
Haemoglobin
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why does a RBC not contain a nucleus?
so their is more room for harmoglobin
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what do WBC do?
the are part of the immune system and protect body. they ingect pathogens and destroy them and they produce antioxins.
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what does plasma do?
helps maintain blood pressure adn regulates body temp.
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what are platlets? adn what do they do?
little pieces of blood cells, they help wounds heal and prevent bleeding by forming blood clots, they plug any leaks
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what does Hematopolesis mean?
formualtion of blood cells
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what is the process of how RBC and WBC are made?
in the red bone marrow the blood stem cells are made and they are turned in to RBC and WBC.
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what are the 5 blood vessels?
Arteries, Veins, Arterioles, Venules and Capillaries
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what is the function of arteries?
to transport oxygenated blood away from the heart to the rest of the body.
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what is the structure like of an arterie?
have thick wallls that is made up of three layers
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what is the function of veins?
to carry de-oxygenated blood back to the heart.
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what is the structure like in veins?
has 3 layers but the tunic media layer is less thick.
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what is the function of capillaries?
Allow oxygen to diffuse into surronding cells and allow waste to diffuse out of surrounding cells.
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what is the stucuture like on capillaries?
they are the smallest blood vessle and walls are only one cell thick.
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which is the largest and the main artery of the circulatory system
Aorta
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name the blood vessels that carry blood from the upper and lower parts of the body
vena cava
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what separates the left and the right side of the heart?
septum
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name the blood vessels that carry blood to and from the lungs
pulmonary artery and pulmonary veins
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what keeps the blood from flowing back into a chamber of the heat?
valve
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

what are turbinates

Back

they are a wavy network of wafer thin bones in the nasal chamber

Card 3

Front

what is the Pharynx ?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

what is the larynx ?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

what is the trachea?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

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