Biology Unit 2 Part 2

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  • Created by: Lea
  • Created on: 13-01-13 16:39
What is an antibody?
Special proteins in the body that can bind to a particular antigen and destroy a particular pathogen
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What is a hormone?
Chemical made by a gland and carried in the blood to it's target organ(s)
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What makes up antibodies and hormones (among other things)?
Proteins
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What are proteins made up of?
Amino acids
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What does each protein molecule contain?
Carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen
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What are enzymes?
Biological catalysts
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What does the substrate fit into?
The active site
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To work best, an enzyme needs an optimum what?
Temperature and pH
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What happens to enzymes at too high of a temperature?
They become denatured
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Where are amylase, protease and lipase all made?
Pancreas & lining of small intestine
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Where else is amylase made?
Salivary glands
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Where else is protease made?
Stomach
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Amylase, protease and lipase all carry out their job where?
Small intestine
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Protease also carries out it's job in?
Stomach
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Amylase also carries out it's job in?
Mouth
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Amylase catalyses the breakdown of what?
Starch
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Protease catalyses the breakdown of proteins into what?
Amino acids
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Lipases catalyses the breakdown of what? Into what?
Lipids into fatty acid and glycerol molecules
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What substance is in your stomach to kill bacteria?
Hydrochloric acid
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Where is bile made?
Liver
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Where is bile stored?
Gallbladder
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What does bile do?
Neutralises stomach acid and provides alkaline conditions for enzymes in small intestine
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What is the name for a cleaning agent?
Detergent
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What enzymes are added to washing powders?
Proteases and lipases
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What is an example of how protease is used in industry?
To pre-digest baby food
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What is the word equation for respiration?
Glucose + oxygen --> carbon dioxide + water (+ energy)
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The rate of what goes up during exericse?
Breathing & your heart
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What is glycogen?
Large insoluble carbohydrate molecule
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What is glucose broken down into during anaerobic respiration?
Lactic acid
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What is oxygen debt?
Lack of oxygen in muscle cells
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What does oxygen oxidise lactic acid into?
Carbon dioxide and water
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How do somatic cells divide?
Mitosis
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How many times does a cell divide during meiosis?
Two
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If someone had the chromsomes ** would they be male or female?
Female
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How many chromosomes do human gametes have?
23
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What is a zygote?
Diploid cell resulting from the fusion of an egg and a sperm
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What did Mendel discover?
Inheritance
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Is cystic fibrosis caused by a dominant or recessive gene?
Recessive
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What is an allele?
A version of a gene
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Each ____ codes for a particular protein
Gene
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Where can you find stem cells?
Embryos, umbilical cord, bone marrow, amniotic fluid
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What is the name for the preserved remains of ancient living things?
Fossils
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What are the steps of forming a new species?
Isolation, genetic variation, natural selection, speciation
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is a hormone?

Back

Chemical made by a gland and carried in the blood to it's target organ(s)

Card 3

Front

What makes up antibodies and hormones (among other things)?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What are proteins made up of?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What does each protein molecule contain?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

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