Biology Unit 1 0.0 / 5 ? BiologyMedicine and drugsGCSEAQA Created by: btullyCreated on: 02-06-14 15:01 Antigen Protein found on surface of cells e.g. bacteria 1 of 37 Antibody Made by b-cells, bind to and destroy antigens 2 of 37 Anti-toxin Made by T-cells, bind to toxins and neutralise them. 3 of 37 Pathogen Organisms that cause disease 4 of 37 Bacteria Very small living cells (1/100th the size of body cells) 5 of 37 Virus Not cells- much smaller (1/100th the size of bacterium) 6 of 37 Colonies Group of bacteria 7 of 37 MMR Measles, mumps, rubella 8 of 37 MRSA Methicillin resistant staphyllococcus aureus 9 of 37 Antibiotics A drug that kills bacteria 10 of 37 Mutations Occur when bacteria multiply. copy their genetic information but make mistakes- can sometimes give an advantage e.g. antibiotic resistance 11 of 37 Epidemic When a lot of people in one area get the disease (outbrake) 12 of 37 Pandemic When a disease effects more than one country e.g. Swine Flu 13 of 37 Vaccination Injecting small amounts of dead or inactive microorganisms to protect from future infections 14 of 37 Stimulus Change in your environment which you may need to react to 15 of 37 Receptors A group of cells which are sensitive to a stimulus. They change stimulus energy into electrical impulses 16 of 37 Synapses When neurones connect they form a synapse, which is a small gap, the dendrites do not touch 17 of 37 Reflexes An automatic response to a certain stimuli that help to prevent injury 18 of 37 Myelin Sheath Electrical insulator (made of schwann cells) 19 of 37 Oestrogen Prevents release of egg (can use as a contraceptive) 20 of 37 Progesterone Stimulates production of thick cervical mucus, prevents sperm getting through and reaching egg. 21 of 37 Pill Oral contraceptive containing oestrogen and progesterone 22 of 37 Hormones Chemical messengers which travel in the blood to activate target cells 23 of 37 Pituitary Gland Produces FSH and LH, involved in menstrual cycle 24 of 37 Ovaries Produce oestrogen, involved in menstrual cycle 25 of 37 Auxin Plant growth hormone that controls growth near tips of shoots and roots 26 of 37 Homeostasis Functions of your body that try to maintain constant internal environment 27 of 37 Toxicity/toxin Poisonous substance 28 of 37 Efficiacy Making sure a drug is effective against the disease it is created for 29 of 37 Drug A substance that alters chemical reactions in your body 30 of 37 Placebo Looks like a drug but it does not contain the active ingredient 31 of 37 Statins Drugs that reduce rate of heart attacks 32 of 37 Recreational A drug you don't have to take, but take r the effect 33 of 37 Addiction When someones body becomes dependent on the drug and can not function without it 34 of 37 Withdrawal symptoms If someone who is addicted to a drug stops taking it, it causes effects such as shaking, paranoia, headaches and vomiting 35 of 37 Stimulant Increase heart rate 36 of 37 Anabolic Stimulate muscle growth 37 of 37
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