Biology Test April 2014 0.0 / 5 ? BiologyCellular processes and structureThe Human BodyInternational BaccalaureateNone Created by: FoxicCreated on: 18-04-14 12:01 Net carbs The total carb content of food minus the amount of fiber 1 of 39 Low-density lipoproteins Bad cholesterol 2 of 39 Ketosis When you feel less hungry, and therefore eat less 3 of 39 GI Glycemic index 4 of 39 IGF1 Insulin-like growth hormone that plays a part in causing cancer, cardiovascular disease, dementia 5 of 39 LCHF Low carb, high fat 6 of 39 Adjustment period When you experience strong withdrawal symptoms 7 of 39 VLCD Very low calorie diet 8 of 39 What are the parts of the digestive system? Mouth, oesophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine/colon, rectum 9 of 39 What are the 2 parts of the small intestine? Duodenum, ileum 10 of 39 Mastication Chewing, mechanical digestion 11 of 39 Peristalsis Wave-like contraction of muscles that move food 12 of 39 Bile salts Secreted in the duodenum, made from cholesterol/carbohydrate 13 of 39 Bilirubin Formed from old blood cells, turns faeces brown 14 of 39 Gristle Nasal hair 15 of 39 Pharynx The throat 16 of 39 Larynx The voicebox 17 of 39 Trachea Wind pipe 18 of 39 Ventilation Exchange of stale air for fresh air 19 of 39 Thorax Ribcage 20 of 39 Why is CO so dangerous? It binds very strongly to haemoglobin, blocking it from gaseous exchange 21 of 39 Vital capacity The total amount of air that can be contained in the lungs 22 of 39 Total volume of the lungs 4-6 litres 23 of 39 How much air is replaced with each breath? 0.5 litres of air 24 of 39 Building blocks Amino acids, nucleotides, etc 25 of 39 How is the circulatory system divided in birds & mammals? Into the small & large circuit 26 of 39 Pulmonary circulation Right side of heart to lungs 27 of 39 Body circulation Left side of the heart to lungs 28 of 39 A stroke-full of blood The amount of blood forced pumped at every pulse 29 of 39 What makes homeothermicity possible? The effective transport of oxygenated blood keeps respiratory rates high enough for this 30 of 39 Normal blood pressure 120 (pressure as heart beats), 80 (heart relaxes) 31 of 39 Veins Blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart 32 of 39 Capillaries Tiny blood vessels that go to each cell 33 of 39 Venules What capillaries join up to become, later veins 34 of 39 Aterioles What arteries divide into 35 of 39 Pathogen Disease-causing virus/organism 36 of 39 Antibody A protein that is produced by a B-cell, and fits a specific antigen 37 of 39 Ratio of white blood cells to red blood cells 1:600 38 of 39 2 types of active immunity Innate, natural, and artificially acquired 39 of 39
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