Enzyme: Globular protein that increases rate of biochemical reaction by lowering activation energy threshold. Active site: Site on surface of enzyme which binds to substrate molecule
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Enzyme-substrate specificity
Active site and substrate complement each other in terms of shape and chemical properties. Enzyme catalyses substrate into product and product is removed while enzyme is not consumed.
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Effect of temperature on enzyme activity
Low temperature result in insufficient thermal energy for activation of reaction. Increasing temperature results in high speed of enzyme and substrate, increasing activity. Too high temperature cause enzyme to denature and results in loss of activit
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Effect of pH on enzyme activity
Changing pH will alter charge of enzyme, which might change shape of molecule. Changing shape will diminish ability to bind to substrate. Enzymes have optimum pH, outside this range there is diminished rate of reaction.
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Effect of substrate concentration on enzyme activity
Increase of substrate concentration increases activity of enzyme. More substrate= more likelihood of enzyme and substrate colliding. after a certain point, rate of reaction will stop increasing due to enzymes working at max capacity
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Use of lactase in production of lactose free milk
Lactose is a disaccharide broken down by lactase. Lactose free milk can be produced by taking lactase and binding it to inert substance which milk can be filtered through. It can then be drunk by lactose-intolerant people.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Enzyme-substrate specificity
Back
Active site and substrate complement each other in terms of shape and chemical properties. Enzyme catalyses substrate into product and product is removed while enzyme is not consumed.
Card 3
Front
Effect of temperature on enzyme activity
Back
Card 4
Front
Effect of pH on enzyme activity
Back
Card 5
Front
Effect of substrate concentration on enzyme activity
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