Name three things you need to know about respiration
resp. in cells can be anaerobic or aerobic, energy is used in diff. ways, body needs to react to increased demand for energy during exercise
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What is the equation for aerobic respiration?
glucose + oxygen > carbon dioxide + water (+energy)
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Where does aerobic respiration take place?
in both animals and plants continually and mainly in mitochondria
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Give three ways in which the energy released can be used in animals?
to build larger molecules from smaller ones, to enable muscles to contract, to maintain a steady body temperature in colder surroundings (mammals and birds)
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What can the energy be used for in plants?
to build up sugars, nitrates and other nutrients - amino acids which are then built up into proteins
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During exercise what changes take place?
the heart rate increases, the rate and depth of breathing increases
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What doe the changes during exercise do to the body?
these changes increase the blood flow to the muscles so increase the supply of sugar and oxygen and rate of removal of carbon dioxide
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How do muscles store glucose?
as glycogen which is converted back into glucose during exercise
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What happens during exercise if insufficient oxygen reaches the muscles?
They use anaerobic respiration to obtain energy
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What is anaerobic respiration?
the incomplete breakdown of glucose that produces lactic acid
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What is different between anaerobic respiration and aerobic respiration?
anaerobic releases much less energy as the breakdown is incomplete
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What does anaerobic respiration lead to?
It leads to an oxygen debt that has to be repaid in order to oxidise the lactic acid to carbon dioxide and water
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What happens to muscles when they undergo vigorous activity for long periods of time?
They become fatigued and cannot function efficiently (caused by the build up of lactic acid)
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How can you remove the lactic acid?
Get the blood flowing so the oxygen can reach the muscles
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What is the equation for aerobic respiration?
Back
glucose + oxygen > carbon dioxide + water (+energy)
Card 3
Front
Where does aerobic respiration take place?
Back
Card 4
Front
Give three ways in which the energy released can be used in animals?
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