Biology - plants and animals

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  • Created by: sweens_a
  • Created on: 12-03-15 16:51
In what part of the cell are proteins made?
Ribosomes
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What is the function of mitochondria?
Where respiration occurs in the cell.
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What three things do plant cells have that animal cells do not?
A large vacuole, a cell wall and chloroplasts
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What is a tissue?
A group of similar cells that work together to perform a certain function.
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What are gametes and what are two examples?
Gametes are sex cells and only have 23 chromosomes. Two examples are egg cells and sperm cells.
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Name four plant tissues.
Epidermal, mesophyll (palisade mesophyll and spongy mesophyll), Xylem and Phoelm.
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What are the three main tissues in the stomach and what do they do?
Epithelial tissue covers the inside and outside of the stomach, muscular tissue contracts to churn the food and the glandular tissue secretes digestive juices (hormones and enzymes) to digest large molecules.
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Name three enzymes released used in the body during digestion, what they digest and where they are released from.
Amylase digests starch into sugars and is released by the salivary glands; Pepsin (a protease enzyme) is released by the stomach & digests proteins into amino acids; lipase is released by the pancreas & it digests fats into fatty acids & glycerol.
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What are four organs of a plant?
The flower, stem, leaf and roots.
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What is an organ?
A group of different tissues that work together to perform a certain function.
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What are five parts of animal cells?
Ribosomes, mitochondria, cell membrane, cytoplasm and nucleus.
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What is a specialized cell?
A cell that has differentiated from a stem cell to perform a specific function.
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What is chlorophyll, where is it found and what does it do?
Chlorophyll is found in the chloroplast and it is the green pigment in leafs that absorbs the sunlight for photosynthesis.
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Name five ways plants use glucose.
They store it as starch, use it for respiration, use it with nitrate ions to build amino acids and then proteins, stored in seeds and to make cellulose that then makes cell walls.
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What is respiration and there does it occur?
Respiration is the break down of glucose to release energy and it occurs in the mitochondria in cells (this also creates a chemical called ATP that is used in Active Transport to change the shame of the cell membrane)
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When proteins are digested, what are they broken down into?
Amino acids
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What is the function of the Xylem tissue in a plant?
It transports water up the plant (only in one direction)
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What are the two types of cell division?
Meiosis and Mitosis
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What is the reason for mitosis?
Cells divide for growth and repair.
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What is the process of Meiosis?
A single cell duplicates each of its 46 chromosomes (23 pairs) to form 92 chromosomes. The cell divides into two pulling the identical pairs of chromosomes away from each other. Two identical daughter cells are left with 46 chromosomes each.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is the function of mitochondria?

Back

Where respiration occurs in the cell.

Card 3

Front

What three things do plant cells have that animal cells do not?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is a tissue?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What are gametes and what are two examples?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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