The site on an enzyme molecule that has a special shape that holds the substrate molecule during the reaction.
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Active Transport
Movement of molecules into the cell using energy from respiration. It allows the cell to build up a high concentration of certain molecules inside the cell, against a concentration gradient.
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Amylase
A carbohydrase enzyme which breaks down starch to simple sugars.
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Amino acids
A small molecule that is the building block of proteins.
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Anaerobic respiration
Respiration that does not need oxygen.
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Adenine
It is a base (a chemical found in DNA) and pairs up with thymine.
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Adult stem cell
A stem cell found in differentiated tissue that can produce a few kinds of differentiated cell.
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Aerobic respiration
Respiration that needs oxygen.
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Alimentary canal
The muscular tube that runs from the mouth to the anus including the oesophagus, stomach, small intestine and large intestine.
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Allele
Every gene comes in different types called alleles. So a gene for eye colour may come in a 'blue type' allele and a 'brown type' allele.
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Antibodies
Protein that bind to the micro-organisms that cause disease and destroy them.
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Aorta
A major artery leading away form the heart.
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Arteries
Vessels that transport blood away from the heart.
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Asexual reproduction
The formation of a new individual without fertilisation, using the process of mitosis to create offspring identical to the parent organism.
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Base
The two strands in a molecule of DNA (in the double helix structure) are linked together at regular intervals by chemicals called bases. The bases are adenine, cytosine, thymine and guanine.
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Base pair (complementary base pair)
The bases always pair up in the same way because of the complementary or matching shape of the molecules. Adenine (A) pairs up with Thymine (T) and Cytosine (C) pairs with guanine (G).
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Base triplet
A group of three bases that codes for a particular amino acid.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Movement of molecules into the cell using energy from respiration. It allows the cell to build up a high concentration of certain molecules inside the cell, against a concentration gradient.
Back
Active Transport
Card 3
Front
A carbohydrase enzyme which breaks down starch to simple sugars.
Back
Card 4
Front
A small molecule that is the building block of proteins.
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