Biology Key Words
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- Created by: Jinesha
- Created on: 11-05-15 14:12
Osmosis
The diffusion of water from a dilute to a more concentrated solution through a partially permeable membrane
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Active Transport
The process by which dissolved molecules move across a cell membrane from a lower to a higher concentration. Energy from respiration is required
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Ventilation
Movement of air into and out of the lungs
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Gaseous exchange
This means oxygen getting into the blood and carbon dioxide going out
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Alveoli
These are the tiny air sacs in the lungs
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Isotonic
Having the same concentration of solutes as another solution
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Intercostal muscles
Several groups of muscles that run between the ribs, and help form and move the chest wall
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Vacuum
An area with little or no gas pressure
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Trachea
A wide, hollow tube that connects the larynx (or voice box) to the bronchus (a large air tube) in the lungs
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Stomata
Tiny holes in the epidermis (skin) of a leaf. They are usually found on the undersides of leaves. Each stoma is surrounded by two guard cells
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Guard cells
Two guard cells surround each stoma. They can open and close the stoma
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Capillary
This is a thin walled elastic blood vessel, which carries blood back to the heart
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Artery
This is a thick walled muscular blood vessel. It carries blood away from the heart to other parts of the body
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Vein
This is a thin walled elastic blood vessel, which carries blood back to the heart
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Plasma
This is the liquid part of blood. It contains nutrients, hormones, antibodies, fibrinogen, and waste products
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Platelets
These are fragments of cells, which help to clot our blood when we cut ourselves
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Red Blood Cells
These blood cells contain haemoglobin and carry oxygen
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Transpiration stream
Water travels up xylem vessels from the roots to the leaves in the transpiration stream
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Transpiration
This is the loss of water from leaves by evaporation. It is much faster when stomata are open than when they are closed.
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Xylem
Transports water and mineral ions from the roots to the stem, leaves and flowers
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Phloem
Carries dissolved sugars from the leaves to the rest of the plant
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Homeostasis
The maintenance of constant internal body conditions
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Dialysis
The process of cleansing the blood through a dialysis machine when the kidneys have failed
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Immune response
How your body recognizes and defends itself against bacteria, viruses, and substances that appear foreign and harmful
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Immunosuppressant drugs
Drugs or medicines that lower the body's ability to reject a transplanted organ
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The thermoregulatory centre
The part of the brain that monitors and controls body temperature
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Insulin
A hormone produced in the pancreas which regulates the amount of glucose in the blood
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Type 1 diabetes
The type of diabetes that typically develops in children and young adults. In type 1 diabetes the body stops making insulin and the blood sugar (glucose) level goes very high
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Stem cells
Undifferentiated biological cells that can differentiate into specialized cells and can divide (through mitosis) to produce more stem cell
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Pesticide
Chemical that kills animals
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Herbicide
Chemical that kills plants
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Parasites
Microorganisms that live off of other organisms, or hosts, to survive
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The greenhouse effect
The natural process by which the atmosphere traps some of the Sun's energy, warming the Earth enough to support life
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Global Warming
The increase of Earth's average surface temperature due to effect of greenhouse gases
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Biofuels
These are made from natural products. Two types of biofuel are ethanol-based fuels and biogas
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Sustainable food production
Involves managing resources and finding new types of food
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
The process by which dissolved molecules move across a cell membrane from a lower to a higher concentration. Energy from respiration is required
Back
Active Transport
Card 3
Front
Movement of air into and out of the lungs
Back
Card 4
Front
This means oxygen getting into the blood and carbon dioxide going out
Back
Card 5
Front
These are the tiny air sacs in the lungs
Back
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