biology flashcards


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What is the function of the NUCLEUS?
Nulcues contains DNA. DNA contains the instructions for making proteins.
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What is the function of the CYTOPLASM?
Cytoplasm is a gel like substance where proteins like enzymes are made.
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What is the function of the CELL MEMBRANE?
Holds the cell together and controls what goes in and out.
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What is the function of MITOCHONDRIA?
Where the enzymes needed for the reactions of aerobic respiration are found and where the reactions take place.
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Name three things that plant cells have and animal cells don't?
1) Cell Wall 2) Vacuole 3) Chloroplasts
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Yeast cells have mitochondria and a nucleus. True or False?
True.
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What type of cells have a cell wall but no nucleus?
Bacteria.
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Give a definition of an enzyme.
Enzymes are proteins that speed up chemical reactions.
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Describe the 'lock and key' model.
Look at page 10 in revision guide.
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Name two things that affect how quickly an enzyme works.
Temperature and PH
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What is a denatured enzyme?
When the PH is too high or too low, it interferes with the bonds holding the enzyme together. this changes the shape of the active site and denatures the enzyme.
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Name three things that the energy released by respiration is used for?
Movement, Active Transport and Synthesis Of Large Molecules.
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What type of Respiration, aerobic or anaerobic, releases more energy per glucose molecules?
Aerobic.
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Write the word equation for aerobic respiration.
Glucose + oxygen > carbon dioxide + water (+energy released)
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Write the symbol equation for aerobic respiration.
C H + O > 6CO +6H O
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Give an example of when human cells respire anaerobically.
when you exercise a lot and your body can't supply enough oxygen to your muscle cells.
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Anaerobic respiration releases energy. What else does it produce in: 1) animal cells 2) yeast cells
1) Lactic Acid 2) Ethanol and Carbon Dioxide.
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Briefly describe how bread is made using yeast.
Look at page 12 in revision guide.
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Briefly describe the process of photosynthesis.
Photosynthesis is a series of chemical reactions that uses energy from sunlight to produce food.
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Write the word equation for photosynthesis.
Carbon dioxide + water > glucose + oxygen
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Give three main ways plants use glucose.
For respiration, to make chemicals for growth and to store it as starch.
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Name three factors that can limit the rate of photosynthesis.
Amount of light, carbon dioxide and temperature.
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Describe how to take a transect.
Run a tape measure between two fixed points. start at one end of transect and collect data. move along transect, collect data again. keep moving along transect collecting data till you reach the end.
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Describe how you might use a quadrat when investigating plants.
You can estimate the percentage cover of a plant species on the ground by counting how much of the quadrat is covered
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What is an identification key?
Series of questions you can use to figure out what a plant is.
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Give a definition of diffusion.
Diffusion is the passive overall movement of particles from a region of their higher concentration to a region of their lower concentration.
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Give two examples of chemicals that can move in or out of leaf cells by diffusion.
CO and O
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What is osmosis?
Type of diffusion, passive movement of water molecules from area of HC (high concentration to area of LC (low concentration)
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Give two ways in which active transport differs from diffusion.
Active transport is the overall movement across a cell membrane from a region of LC to a region of HC using energy released by respiration.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is the function of the CYTOPLASM?

Back

Cytoplasm is a gel like substance where proteins like enzymes are made.

Card 3

Front

What is the function of the CELL MEMBRANE?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is the function of MITOCHONDRIA?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Name three things that plant cells have and animal cells don't?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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