What are different forms of the same gene known as?
Alleles
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How many chromosomes do you have in the nucleus of your body cells?
46 arranged in 23 pairs
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How many pairs of chromosomes do your gametes have?
One pair
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What is mitosis?
The cell division in normal body cells that produces two identical cells?
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As a result of mitosis, what happens?
All your body cells have the same chromosomes and that means they have the same genetic information.It produces the additional cells needed for growth or replacement
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How does mitosis work?
Before a cell divides, it produces new identical copies of the chromosomes in the nucleus. Then the cell divides once to form two genetically identical cells
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What are chromosomes?
Thread-like structure carrying the genetic information found in the nucleus of a cell
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How does meiosis work?
The genetic material is copied and then the cell divides twice to form four gametes, each with a single set of chromosomes
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Where does meiosis take place?
In the reproductive organs
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When do most animal cells differentiate?
At an early stage
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When do plant cells differentiate?
They have the ability to differentiate throughout life
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What are stem cells capable of?
Embryonic stem cells and adult stem cells can be made to differentiate into many different types of cells e.g. nerve cells
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In therapeutic cloning what happens?
An embryo is produced with the same genes as the patient
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How can stem cells from the embryo be helpful?
They will not be rejected by the patients body
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What are tumours the result from?
Abnormal, uncontrolled growth of cells
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What are benign tumours?
They form in one place and do not spread to other tissues but they can grow very large very quickly
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What are malignant tumours?
They invade healthy tissue and may spread to other healthy tissues in the bloodstream to form secondary tumours. It is often referred to as cancer
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What are some of the causes of cancer?
Chemical carcinogens, ionising radiation and virus infections
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
How many chromosomes do you have in the nucleus of your body cells?
Back
46 arranged in 23 pairs
Card 3
Front
How many pairs of chromosomes do your gametes have?
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