Biology B1.2- Nervous System

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What to sense organs detect?
Stimuli
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What is a stimulus?
A change in you environment that you react to
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What are the 5 sense organs?
Eyes, ears, nose, tongue and skin
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What are receptors?
A group of cells which are sensitive to a stimulus and turn stimulus energy into electrical impulses.
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What can stimulus' be?
Light, Sound, Touch, Pressure, Chemical, a change in position or temperature
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What are ears receptors for?
Sound and 'balance'
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What are nose receptors for?
Smells by chemical stimuli
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What are tongue receptors for?
taste- bitter, salt, sweet, sour&savoury. These are chemical stimuli
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What are sensory neurons?
Long dendrons and short axons that carry nerve impulses from the receptors to the CNS
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What are relay neurons?
Many short dendrons and axons that carry nerve impulses from sensory neurons to motor neurons
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What are motor neurons?
Many short dendrons and one long axon that carry nerve impulses from the CNS to the effectors
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What are effectors?
Muscles and glands.
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What are the different ways that muscles and glands react?
Muscles contract whereas glands secrete substances.
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Explain how the CNS coordinates a response
A stimulus is detected by receptors and the information is sent as electrical impulse along the sensory neurons to the CNS. The CNS coordinates a response and sends information to an effector along a motor neurone.
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On sensitive areas what happens when you poke a person with a paper clip cut into half?
The person will feel both points close together as they have many touch receptors
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On less sensitive areas what happens when you poke a person with a paper clip cut into half?
The person will feel both points far apart as they have less touch receptors
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What is the information in a reflex called?
A reflex arc
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Where do the neurons in a reflex arc go through?
The spinal cord or an unconscious part of the brain.
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What happens when a stimulus is detected by receptors?
impulses are sent along a sensory neurons to the CNS. The sensory neurone then passes the message to the relay neurone. The relay neurone relays it to a motor neurone. The impulses travel along the motor neurone to the effector.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is a stimulus?

Back

A change in you environment that you react to

Card 3

Front

What are the 5 sense organs?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What are receptors?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What can stimulus' be?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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