Exoskeletons - OUTSIDE, made of chitin, restrict growth, replaced, protective, movement, skeletal, strong and support.
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bones begin as cartilidge that has to be replaced by calcium and phosphates to form a bone. This is ossification.
During puberty this process is controlled by sex hormones and is sped up to cause a growth spurt. (when we are embrios, we are only cartilidge.)
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Three different fractures: - a greenstick fracture (when a bone is not completely broken) - a simple fracture (a bone is clearly broken) - a compound fracture (broken bone breaks through the skin.)
different joints - hinge - ball and socket (a joint is a joining between two bones and can be fixed or moveable)
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Synovial fluid allows the joint to move with less friction, without it you could suffer from arthritus.
joint replacements are usually neede because the synovial fluid has leaked and the cartilidge has worn away.
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Osteoporosis - condition that effects the bones and causes them to weaken and more likely to break.
This is because they loose bone density.
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single circulatory system - blood only passes through the heart once in a circuit of the body.
double circulatory system - blood passes through the heart twice.
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Movement of blood cells through a fish: single circulatory system, blood only pumps through heart one time.
mammal: double circulatory system, heart pumps both oxgenated and de-oxygenated blood.
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ECG monitors: electrical conduction through the heart to convert into a trace to detect abnormalities.
An echacardiagram is conducted using ultra sound to see the heart muscel contracting.
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ECGs are cheaper and so more regularly used.
An echocardiagram would be done only when an abnormality has been detected by ECG to diagnose it exactly.
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Heart assist techniques: an artificial pump is put into the body to pump blood so that the heart can have a rest to repair itself.
Hole in the heart: unborn babies have holes in their hearts, which closes soon after birth.
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Heart transplants are only given to patients with heart failure .
Organs need to be for a donation: - healthy -undamaged -right size -right age -correct tissue type -implanted ASAP -organ registered.
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Haemophilia - lack the clotting substance that forms fibrin so their blood does not clot.
Aspirin, warfarin and hepann are drugs that can be given to prevent blood clots.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
During puberty this process is controlled by sex hormones and is sped up to cause a growth spurt. (when we are embrios, we are only cartilidge.)
Back
bones begin as cartilidge that has to be replaced by calcium and phosphates to form a bone. This is ossification.
Card 3
Front
different joints - hinge - ball and socket (a joint is a joining between two bones and can be fixed or moveable)
Back
Card 4
Front
joint replacements are usually neede because the synovial fluid has leaked and the cartilidge has worn away.
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