Biology

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  • Created by: Anya1
  • Created on: 31-05-14 17:06
What is the definition of respiration?
A chemical reaction that releases energy into living things by converting glucose and oxygen into carbon dioxide and water.
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Why do we need respiration?
Respiration gives us energy to keep us warm, healthy, fit, to grow and heal
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What is gas exchange?
The process of swapping carbon dioxide with oxygen.
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What is different about normal lungs to a smoker's lungs?
Normal lungs are: soft, pink Smoker's lungs: thick with tar, black, can't take oxygen as easily.
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How does the heart generate pressure?
By the muscles in the wall contracting.
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What are arteries and what do they do?
They are strong blood vessels, they carry blood away from the heart
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What happens when the arteries divide?
They turn to smaller blood vessels, the smallest being a capillaries.
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What do valves do?
They stop blood from flowing backwards.
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What is plaque?
A mixture of fat, cholesterol and blood cells.
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What is the definition of digestion?
The breakdown of o the large molecules into smaller ones so they can be absorbed.
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What are enzymes?
A protein molecule that speed up chemical reactions.
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What are villi?
Where nutrients are absorbed into blood, they line the inside of the small intestine.
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What is a balanced diet?
Having the right amounts of all the food groups.
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What is disease?
When the body/mind doesn't function properly.
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Name the three different types of micro-organisms.
Virus, bacteria and fungi.
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How do viruses get into a human body?
They insert their DNA into the cells and causes them to replicate lots of viruses. These then burst out of the cell making it die.
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How does bacteria and fungi spread through the body?
They reproduce rapidly and produce toxins, they damage cells and tissues.
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Name three of our bodies' natural defences.
cilia/mucus, skin is waterproof and slightly acidic, if we are cut, blood clots will form barriers preventing microbes from entering.
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If microbes do pass our natural defences, what is the next defence that stops microbes from spreading?
Our immune system.
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What 2 types of blood cells does our immune system produce?
Antibodies and phagocytosis
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Name three things that can help get rid of microbes from objects and our skin.
Disinfectants, antiseptic, soap, hand sanitizer etc...
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What are vaccines?
Vaccines contain tiny parts of microbes, they make us immune to diseases.
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Why do we meed antibiotics?
If the white blood cell cannot provide strong enough antibodies, we will take antibiotics.
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What do antibiotics do?
They destroy bacteria and help get rid of disease.
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What is a drug?
A chemical that alters the mind or functioning of the body.
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Name two types of drugs.
Recreational and medicinal.
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What are the three groups of recreational drugs?
Stimulants, depressants and hallucinogens.
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Name a drug from each of the groups.
S, cocaine. D, heroine. H, magic mushrooms.
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What do depressants and stimulants do to alter the functioning of our body/mind?
Makes us more alert and slows down our brain.
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What are stem cells?
Unspecialised cells that can turn into different types of cells, forming a new tissue or organ.
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Name three body parts that can be transplanted.
Blood, kidney, liver, heart, bone marrow.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Why do we need respiration?

Back

Respiration gives us energy to keep us warm, healthy, fit, to grow and heal

Card 3

Front

What is gas exchange?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is different about normal lungs to a smoker's lungs?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

How does the heart generate pressure?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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