Biology 2 Quiz no.4

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What is osmosis?
The passage of water molecules from a dilute soloution to a more concentrated soloution through a partially permeable membrane.
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Which one substance does osmosis involve?
Water
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What is active transport?
The only transport across the cell membrane that goes against the concentration gradient. Only form of transport that needs energy from respiration.
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What molecules are need for active transport?
protein for transport, ATP (energy), molecule that needs transporting, glucose and oxygen (respiration)
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Why does each molecule need it's own transport protein?
The transport proteins are specific to the molecules they transport.
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Where does active transport take place?
In the digestive system, during absorption of glucose in the small intestine, and in the roots of plants for the uptake of nutrients form the soil.
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What is the equation for photosynthesis?
Carbon dioxide + Water --------- (<Chlorophyll+Sunlight) -------- Glucose + Oxygen
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What the raw material for photosynthesis?
Water from the soil, CO2 from the air, sunligh, chlorophyll in chloroplasts.
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What does the plant use glucose for?
Some used in respiration to give plant energy, some changed into starch and stored in roots for future use, some used to make cellulose, which is needed for plant walls.
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What three factors affect the rate of photosynthesis?
Temperature, CO2 concentration and light intensity.
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How do we measure the rate of photsynthesis?
Oxygen is produced as a by-product of photosynthesis. Oxygen is released as bubbles. The higher the rate of photosynthesis, the more oxygen is produced.
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How does light intensity affect photosynthesis?
As light intensity increases, so does the rate of photosynthesis up to a certain point. Then CO2 concentration or temperature will limit the rate.
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How does CO2 concentration affect photosynthesis?
As the CO2 concentration increases, so does rate of photosynthesis up to a certain point. Then temp or light intensity limit the rate.
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How does temperature affect the rate of photosynthesis?
As temperature increases, so does photosynthesis up to a certain point. Above that, it decreases and eventually stops, as enzymes involved denature so photosynthesis doesn;t take place anymore.
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What is soda lime?
It is sodium hydroxide, it absorbs CO2.
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What is respiration?
The release of energy from glucose.
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What are the two types of respiration?
Aerobic and anaerobic respiration.
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What is the difference?
If energy is released using oxygen, it is aerobic. If energy is released without oxygen, it is anaerobic.
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What is the equation for aerobic respiration?
Glucose + Oxygen --- CO2+ Water + Energy
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What do we need the energy produced for? (4)
Production of new material (growth), movement of muscles, nervous transmission and maintaining body temperature.
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In respiratino experiments, why are the peas soaked in disinfectant?
To kill the bacteria that live on rthe peas, becuase bacteria also do respiration.
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Why are some of the peas boiled?
Control experiment, by stopping the peas from doing respiration (as they are dead), it prroves that it is peas doing the respiration.
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Why is cotton weool used in this experiment?
Allows oxygen to diffuse into the flask, letting the peas do respiration.
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What is the equation for anaerobic respiration in animals?
Glucose ---- lactic acid + energy
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What is the equation for anaerobic respiration in yeast?
Glucose ---- ethanol + carbon dioxide + energy
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Why does the body start doing anaerobic respiration?
During long periods of vigorous activity, muscles become fatigued and stop contracting effeciently. Then the heart and lungs can't get enough oxygen to your muscles quick enough.
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What molecule is produced in humans during anaerobic respiration?
Lactic acid.
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What is an oxygen debt?
Extra oxygen breaks down lactic acid. Oxygen debt builds up after exercising hard. It has to be 'paid back' straight away.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Which one substance does osmosis involve?

Back

Water

Card 3

Front

What is active transport?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What molecules are need for active transport?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Why does each molecule need it's own transport protein?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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