Biology

Lrearn

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  • Created by: ashma
  • Created on: 27-05-13 16:01
Osmosis is...
the diffusion of water across a partially permeable membrane (from an area of high water concentration to low water concentration)
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Water will move into cells by osmosis when...
they are placed in water
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Cells will lose water by osmosis if...
they are placed in a strong sugar solution
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When water leaves a plant cell by osmosis...
the cell contents shrink and there's less water pressure against the cell wall- cell contents are plasmolysed and the cell collapses
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When water enters a plant cell...
it swells up and there's an increase in water pressure against the cell wall- this turgor pressure causes the cell to become turgid
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Plants need to reduce their water loss by...
having few stomata, mainly in the lower epidermis (plants can also open and close their stomata)
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Water easily evaporates and escapes from a leaf because...
it is adapted for photosynthesis
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Animal blood cells have no cell walls for support, so when placed in salt or pure water...
it becomes crenate (shrinks) or lysis (bursts)
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Describe the main stages in making yoghurt.
Sterilisation of equipment, pasteurisation of milk, incubation of culture, sampling, addition of flavours colours and packaging.
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What is the word equation for fermentation.
Glucose -> Ethanol + Carbon Dioxide
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Describe the main stages in brewing beer.
Extract sugar from source material, add yeast and ensure it remains warm, prevent entry of air and other micro-organisms, clarifying/clearing, drawing off the wine/beer, pasteurising casking or bottling
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What is the balanced chemical equation for fermentation?
C6H12O6 -> 2C2H5OH + 2CO2
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What effect does alcohol have on fermentation?
Alcohol can act as a limiting factor to reduce the rate of fermentation.
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What is the process of Distillation?
To separate a mixture of liquids, the liquid can be heated to force components, which have different boiling points, into the gas phase. The gas is then condensed back into liquid form and collected. Repeating the process on the collected liquid to i
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What are bacteria useful for?
Yoghurt making, cheese production, vinegar production, silage production and composting.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Water will move into cells by osmosis when...

Back

they are placed in water

Card 3

Front

Cells will lose water by osmosis if...

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

When water leaves a plant cell by osmosis...

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

When water enters a plant cell...

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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