Biology 1A - Human Biology: The Nervous System

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What does The Nervous System do?
The Nervous System allows you to react to what goes on around you.
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Name your five sense organs.
Eyes, Ears, Nose, Tongue, Skin
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What is a stimulus?
A stimulus is a change in your environment which you may need to react to.
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What two things does your body contain which A) Detect stimuli and B) Control muscles and glands.
A) Receptors B) Effectors
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What receptors does the Eye contain?
Light receptors
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What receptors do the Ears contain?
Sound receptors and Balance receptors.
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What receptors does the Nose contain?
Smell receptors detect chemical stimuli.
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What receptors does the Tongue contain?
Taste receptors detect chemical stimuli.
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What receptors does the Skin contain?
Touch, Pressure, Pain and Temperature Change receptors.
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What are the three main types of neurone?
Sensory Neurone, Relay Neurone, Motor Neurone.
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What is a Sensory Neurone?
A sensory neurone is a nerve cell that carries signals from the receptors to the central nervous system.
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What is a Relay Neurone?
A Relay Neurone is a nerve cell that carries signals from sensory neurones to motor neurones.
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What is a Motor Neurone?
A Motor Neurone is a nerve cell that carries signals from the central nervous system to the effector muscles or glands.
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What is an effector?
An effector is either a muscle or a gland. Muscles contract and Glands secrete hormones.
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What is a Synapse?
A synapse is a connection (gap) between two neurones.
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How does a nerve signal travel between two neurones?
It is taken across a synapse by chemicals. These chemicals set off a new electrical signal in the next neurone.
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What is a reflex?
A reflex is an automatic response to certain stimuli - they just happen.
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Reflexes are much quicker than normal responses. Why?
Because you don't have to think about them.
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Describe the reflex arc in 5 steps, using a bee sting as your example.
1. Bee stings your finger, detected by pain receptors. 2. Impulses sent along sensory neurone to CNS. 3. Impulse reaches synapse between sensory and relay neurone, is transmitted across. 4. Impulse sent to Motor Neurone. 5. Effector causes flinch.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Name your five sense organs.

Back

Eyes, Ears, Nose, Tongue, Skin

Card 3

Front

What is a stimulus?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What two things does your body contain which A) Detect stimuli and B) Control muscles and glands.

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What receptors does the Eye contain?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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