Biology 1- OCR 21st century science 0.0 / 5 ? BiologyGenes, DNA, Inheritance & variation, Genetic testing.GCSEOCR Created by: natwbuCreated on: 24-07-14 12:37 Gene A section of DNA that codes for a particular characteristc. 1 of 38 Nucleus Part of the cell that contains the genetic information. 2 of 38 Chromosome Thread-like structure in the cell nucleus, that carries genetic information. 3 of 38 DNA Large molecule found in the nucleus of all baby cells, the sequence of which determines the genetic characteristic. 4 of 38 Structual protein Gives an organism rigidity and strength. 5 of 38 Functional protein Enable or speed up chemical reactions. 6 of 38 Allele Different version of a gene 7 of 38 Hetrozygous If the alleles for a characteristic in a pair are different, the organism is heterozygous. 8 of 38 Homozygous If the alleles for a characteristic in a pair are the same, the organism is said to be homozygous 9 of 38 Dominant Expressed alleles. One copy of the allele is needed in order for it to be expressed. Represented with an upper case letter. 10 of 38 Recessive Only expressed if two copies are present. Represented with a lower case letter. 11 of 38 Genotype Combination of alleles that an organism has 12 of 38 Phenotype Observable physical characteristics of an organism 13 of 38 Gametes Male and female sex cells ( sperm cell and egg cell) 14 of 38 Genome The whole genetic code of an individual. 15 of 38 Cystic fibrosis Genetic disease caused by a recessive allele. 16 of 38 False positive Individual does not have the disorder but the test sad that they do. 17 of 38 False negative Individual has the disorder but the test said that they don't. 18 of 38 Clones Genetically indentical individuals made by a-sexual reproduction 19 of 38 Asexual reproduction Reproducing without sexual intercouorse. It only involves one parent 20 of 38 Embryonic stem cells Unspecialised cells found in early embryos. 21 of 38 Adult stem cells Unspecialised cells, that can take on any roll of another cell in the body 22 of 38 Inherited A feature that is passed on from parents to offspring 23 of 38 Proteins Chemicals in living things that are polymers made by joining together amino acids. 24 of 38 Enzymes Help with digestion in animals like lipase which digests fats and amylase which digests starch. 25 of 38 Zygote Fertilised egg cell. 26 of 38 Mutation Changes in an organisms DNA that potentially affect the correct functioning of genes. 27 of 38 Sexual Reproduction Production of new living organisms by combining genetic information from two individuals of different types 28 of 38 Punnet square square used in genetics to calculate the frequencies of the different genotypes and phenotypes 29 of 38 Family tree diagram A genetic diagram showing a family's ancestry 30 of 38 Sex determining genes The process of which the gender of an organism is 'fixxed'. 31 of 38 Genetic testing Study of a persons DNA in order to identify the genetic differences or susceptibility to particular diseases or abnormalities. 32 of 38 Carrier of a disease An organism possessing a recessive gene for trait but not expressing the trait 33 of 38 Embryo An unborn or unhatched offspring in the process of development. 34 of 38 Foetus An unborn human more than 8 weeks after conception. 35 of 38 PGD Genetic profiling of embryos prior implantation. 36 of 38 Genetic screening Analysing a group of people to determine genetic susceptibility to a particular disease. 37 of 38 Differentiation A less specialised cell becomes a more specialised cell type 38 of 38
Comments
No comments have yet been made