biology 1

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What are the assuptions when speed is involved?
u/v, acceleration/decceleration and mass
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How can the surface affect an objects accelration/decceleration?
The surface will have a different frictional force and so oppose the velocity differently
2 of 30
Ek
= W = F x s = 1/2 x m x v^2
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Why does the mass of a submerged bubble not affect the upthrust?
Because the density of the bubble is so minuscule compared to the waters density.
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Genome
the alleles present in an organism
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Causal Relationship
when there is a definitive factor that has control of influence over the other
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Energy is now called
ATP or Kinetic Energy
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Correlation
where two events or conditions appear to be linked
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Secondary Protein
Hydrogen bonding, beta pleated sheet/alpha helix
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Tertiary Protein
3D, Ionic, hydrogen and disulphide bonds, dipole reactions, globular
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Why is less NOx formed in a diesel engine
because the temperature is lower and so N cant react witht the O2
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Tertiary Structure Enzyme
-tertiary protein facts -active site -bonds between R groups -spcific shape of active site
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Primary Structure Enzyme
-specific sequence of/pattern of amino acids -determines the postion/type of bonding -determines shape of active site -complimentary substrate can then fit with the specific active site (enzyme/substrate complex) -hydrophilic exterior
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Gas Exchange Across a Membrane
-occurs though membrane -membrane is thin -large surface area -non polar molecules such as CO2/O2 leave/enter -diffusion down the conc grad -no ATP
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What contols the fluidity of a cell membrane
Cholesterol
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Describing/Explaining Fats/Carbs
-molecules? -bonds? -structure? -hydrolised rate? -soluble? -diffusuion/osmosis?
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Why are carbs efficient?
-carbs are stored as glcogen -fit more in -glycogen releases energy -more energy as there is more glycogen
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Atherosclerosis
-WBC migration -build up of cholesterol -atheroma/plaque forms -loss of elasticity -narrowing of lumen -self perpetuating
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How are Alveoli Adapted for Gaseous Exchange?
-thin walls/squamous epithelium -large surface area -presence of surfactant -surfactant dissolves gases to be transferred -large cappilary network -increased diffusion -decreased diffusion distance
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Diffusion and temperature decrease
it occurs more slowly becuase the substance has less kinetic energy
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How do hydrophobic molecules pass through the cell membrane?
facilitated diffusion, active transport, endo/exocytosis
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Beetroot Experiment
-discs cut out from beetroot -pre treatement of beetroot -standardised/fair method of obtaining of equal sizes -used water baths at fixed temperatures -fixed time in the water -colourimetre (zeroing, measure intensity)
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What happens to a cell membrane at high temperatures?
-usually selectively permeable -memebrane breaks down -phospholipids KE increases -proteins are denatured -membrane becomes more permeable -diffusion out of the cell
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Secondary Structure Protein and Increased Temperatures
-decrease in size -increase in kinetic energy -hydrogen bonds break -unwinding
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Examing Graphs
-go through each stage -find exceptions -quantitative manipulation -read values as approximates
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High Blood Pressure and the Hearts Oxygen
-damage aretery walls -atherlosclerossi causes blood clot -blocks arteries -coronary ateries -lack of oxygenated blood to the heart
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Ventricles Contract
-high pressure in arteries compared to atria -pressure closes the atrioventricular valve -higher ressure in ventricles relative to arteries -pressure opens semilunar valve -blood forced into arteries
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Arteries and Blood Pressure
-many pulses due to elastic recoil -peaks and troughs -gradual drop as the vessel splits/friction
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Cappilaries and Blood Pressure
-large drop -large volume of cappilary networks -friction between blood cells and cell walls
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When Evaluating a Statement on Molecular Transports
-why the transport occurs -how and why it slows -how and why it stops
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

How can the surface affect an objects accelration/decceleration?

Back

The surface will have a different frictional force and so oppose the velocity differently

Card 3

Front

Ek

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Why does the mass of a submerged bubble not affect the upthrust?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Genome

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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