Biology

?
What is Xylem?
Is the non-living transport tissue in plants, which transports water around the plant.
1 of 44
What is Phloem?
The living transport tissue in plants, which carries sugars around the plant.
2 of 44
What is a Limiting factor?
A factor which limits the rate of reaction, for example the temperature, concentration of carbon dioxide and light intensity in photosynthesis.
3 of 44
What is Biomass?
Biological material from living or recently living organisms.
4 of 44
What is a Substrate?
The material or chemical in which an enzyme acts on, for example protein is the substrate of amylase.
5 of 44
What is Amylase?
The enzyme made in the salivary gland and the pancreas, which speeds up the breakdown of starch into simple sugars.
6 of 44
What is Lipase?
The enzyme which breaks down fats and oils into fatty acids and glycerol.
7 of 44
What is Carbohydrase?
Enzyme which speeds up the breakdown of carbohydrates.
8 of 44
What is Isomerase?
An enzyme which converts one form of a molecule into another.
9 of 44
What is Glycogen?
Carbohydrates store in animals including the muscles, liver and brain of the human body.
10 of 44
What is Lactic acid?
One product of anaerobic respiration. It builds up in muscls with exercise. Important in yogurt and cheese making processes.
11 of 44
What does a nucleus do?
A nucleus, which controls the cell's activities.
12 of 44
What happens in the cytoplasm?
Cytoplasm, where many chemical reactions take place.
13 of 44
Why do cells have a cell membrane?
Cell membrane, that controls the movement of substances into and out of the cell, for example oxygen, glucose, water and carrbon dioxide.
14 of 44
What does the mitochondria do?
Mitochondria, where energy is released during aerobic respiration.
15 of 44
What are ribosomes used for?
Ribosomes, where protein synthesis takes place.
16 of 44
What is the use of a cell wall in plant cells?
Cell wall, made of cellulose and is rigid and supports the cell.
17 of 44
Why do plants have chloroplasts?
Chloroplasts, contain chlorophyll for photosynthesis. They absorb light energy for food.
18 of 44
What is the use of a permanent vacuole?
Permanent vacuole, contains cell sap and keeps the cell turgid.
19 of 44
What structures are found in animal cells?
Nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane, mitochondria and ribosomes.
20 of 44
What structures are found in plant and algal cells?
Nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane, mitochondria, ribosomes, cell wall, chloroplasts, chlorophyll and a permanent vacuole.
21 of 44
What structures are found in bacterial cells?
Cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm, slim capsule, genetic material, plasmids and flagella. Bacteria is are very small, have no nucleus so genetic material is in the cytoplasm.
22 of 44
What structures are found in yeast cells?
(Yeast is fungi) They have nucleus, cytoplasm, cell wall and cell membrane.
23 of 44
Give examples of specialised cells and how they are specialised.
Root hair cells-increase the surface area of the root so it can absorb water and mineral ions efficiently.Sperm cells-have tails, enable them to swim to the egg and have many mitochondria and acrosome in its head to break down the surface of the egg.
24 of 44
What is diffusion and how does it happen?
Diffusion is the net movement of particles down a concentration gradient. The particles move randomly from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. This creates a net movement of particles.
25 of 44
Name three types of animal tissues.
Muscular tissue, gandular tissue and epithelial tissue.
26 of 44
Name three types of plant tissues.
Epidermal tissue, Mesophyll and xylem and phloem
27 of 44
What is bile?
Bile is a yellowy-green liquid made in the liver and stored in the gall bladder. It is released into the small intestine and emulsifies fat.
28 of 44
What happens in the digestive system?
The food you eat must be changed from insoluble molecules into soluble molecules. The soluble molecules can be absorbed into the blood-the digestive system is responsible for this process.
29 of 44
Describe the digestive system.
The digestive system includes; glands, such as the pancreas and salivary glands which produce digestive juices, the stomach and small intestine. digestion, the small intestine, absorbs soluble food, large intestine, absorbs water.
30 of 44
Photosynthesis equation.
Carbon dioxide + water --> (light energy) glucose + oxygen
31 of 44
What happens in photosynthesis?
Carbon dioxide taken in by the leaves, water from the roots. Chlorophyll absorb light energy needed-energy converts carbon dioxide and water into glucose, oxygen is a by-product, some glucose converted to insoluble starch for storage.
32 of 44
Name the limiting factors of photosynthesis.
Light-light provides energy for the process. Heat-enzymes don't work effectively when it is cold. Carbon dioxide-not enough will slow down the rate of photosynthesis.
33 of 44
How do plants use glucose?
Glucose may be converted into insoluble starch for storage, used for respiration, converted into fats and oils for storage, used to produce cellulose which strengthens cell walls and used to produce proteins.
34 of 44
Physical factors that may affect the distribution of organisms:
Temperature, availability of nutrients, water, light, oxygen and carbon dioxide.
35 of 44
What can proteins be?
Structural components of tissue and muscle, hormones, antibodies and catalysts.
36 of 44
What three enzymes are used in digestion?
Amylase (a carbohydrase), protease and lipase.
37 of 44
Protease and lipases that digest food can be made into washing powders, why?
Biological detergents made with these enzymes can work at lower temperatures, saving money.
38 of 44
What does isomerase do?
Isomerase converts glucose syrup into fructose syrup.
39 of 44
Aerobic respiration equation.
Glucose + oxygen --> carbon dioxide + water
40 of 44
How is the energy produced in aerobic repiration used?
To build larger molecules from smaller ones, enable muscle contraction in animals, maintain constant body temperature and to build sugars, nitrates and other nutrients into amino acids then proteins in plants.
41 of 44
What do muscles store glucose as?
Glycogen
42 of 44
Why does anaerobic respiration happen?
When muscles work hard for a long time they have little oxygen so when muscles respire anaerobically they build up an oxygen debt.
43 of 44
When is lactic acid formed?
When glucose is not completely broken down in anaerobic respiration.
44 of 44

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

The living transport tissue in plants, which carries sugars around the plant.

Back

What is Phloem?

Card 3

Front

A factor which limits the rate of reaction, for example the temperature, concentration of carbon dioxide and light intensity in photosynthesis.

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

Biological material from living or recently living organisms.

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

The material or chemical in which an enzyme acts on, for example protein is the substrate of amylase.

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
View more cards

Comments

No comments have yet been made

Similar Biology resources:

Biology
Biology
Biology
See all Biology resources »