Biology 1.1 Carbohydrates 4.0 / 5 based on 1 rating ? BiologyBiological molecules, organic chemistry and biochemistryASWJEC Created by: DanCreated on: 03-01-14 12:27 What elements make up a carbohydrate? Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen 1 of 26 What is the basic monomer unit for carbohydrates? Monosaccharide 2 of 26 The joining of two monosaccharides forms a what? Disaccharide 3 of 26 How are polysaccharides formed? They are formed when very large number of monosaccharide units linked together 4 of 26 State two main functions of monosaccharides. Used as energy in respiration and they act as building blocks for larger molecules 5 of 26 How is energy given out by monosaccharides? Carbon - Hydrogen bonds are broken 6 of 26 How are monosaccharides joined? With the use of Glycosidic bonds 7 of 26 What is the name given to 2 monosaccharides joining? Condensation reaction 8 of 26 What is given off as a result of a glycosidic bond forming? Water 9 of 26 What is Hydrolysis? Glycosidic bonds linking monosaccharides breaks and water released from condensation is restored 10 of 26 How do you test for the presence of a sugar? Benedicts test 11 of 26 How is this test done? Add an equal volume of Benedict's reagent to food sample dissolved in water, heat in water bath to 90 degrees. 12 of 26 State test result possibilities From blue being negative, to red being high. Colour depends on amount of reducing sugar present 13 of 26 Why can't glucose, vital for energy in cells, be stored the way it is? The water soluble glucose molecule will draw water towards it by osmosis 14 of 26 How is this problem avoided? By converting it into a storage product, polysaccharide, that is insoluble in water (Starch) 15 of 26 What is starch made up of? Amylose and amylopectin 16 of 26 There are 2 types of glucose. Alpha and Beta glucose. Where can Alpha glucose be found? In starch 17 of 26 Why is Alpha glucose used in starch and not Beta glucose? Alpha glucose molecule contains 1-4 glycosidic linkages that causes the chain coil. 18 of 26 What is the main energy storage in animals? Glycogen 19 of 26 What is the difference between amylopectin molecules and glycogen molecules? Glycogen molecules are more branched 20 of 26 Where can Beta glucose be found? Cellulose 21 of 26 Cellulose consists of many long parallel chains of Beta glucose molecules. How are these held together? The lines are cross linked to each other by hydrogen bonds 22 of 26 How does a wall like structure form with Beta glucose but not Alpha glucose? The chain has adjacent glucose molecules rotated by 180 degrees that form a chain 23 of 26 What are microfibrils? Cellulose molecules that become tightly cross linked to form bundles 24 of 26 What is chitin? Chitin is a polysaccharide similar to cellulose but has amino acids added to form an exoskeleton 25 of 26 What is this exoskeleton called and why is it useful to insects? Mucopolysaccharide. It is strong, waterproof and lightweight 26 of 26
Comments
No comments have yet been made