Biology: Year 9 Term 3: Cardiovascular Diseases

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Define cardiovascular disease (2)
A disease affecting the blood vessels, heart, valves and/or beat rhythm
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Define coronary artery (1)
One of the arteries supplying the heart
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What causes cardiovascular diseases? (2)
Plaque buildup in the coronary arteries
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Identify 5 ways of reducing the risk of a heart attack (5)
Consume Fibre, Exercise, Take Aspirin, Eat Less Sugar, Take Statins
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What is a stent? (2)
A metal mesh placed in an artery to allow blood flow
5 of 25
Identify an advantage of a stent (1)
Effective for a long time
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Identify a disadvantage of a stent (1)
Risk of blood clots
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What is a heart bypass? (2)
A vessel from elsewhere in the body being used to bypass a blockage via a different route
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Identify an advantage of a bypass (1)
Restores blood flow easily
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Identify a disadvantage of a bypass (1)
Expensive/invasive surgery
10 of 25
What are statins? (3)
Medications which reduce LDLs (bad cholesterol) and increase HDLs (good cholesterol)
11 of 25
Identify an advantage of statins (1)
Prevent rather than cure
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Identify a disadvantage of statins (1)
Long-term drug (inconvenient)
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What is a natural pacemaker? (3)
The electrical signals sent from the right atrium to control heartbeat rhythm
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What is an artificial pacemaker? (3)
An electrical device implanted in the chest to regulate arrhythmia
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What is the problem with a slow heart? (1)
Less respiration can occur
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What is the problem with a fast heart? (1)
The pumping is less effective
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What are faulty valves? (2)
Stiff or leaky valves
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What is a mechanical valve replacement? (2)
An artificial valve implanted to control blood flow
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Identify an advantage of a mechanical valve replacement (1)
Cheaper than biological
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Identify a disadvantage of a mechanical valve replacement (1)
Patients must take blood-thinning drugs
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What is a biological valve replacement? (2)
An animal tissue valve implanted to control blood flow
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Identify an advantage of a biological valve replacement (1)
Smaller risk of blood clotting
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Identify a disadvantage of a biological valve replacement (1)
Unethical as from animal tissue
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What is an artificial heart? (2)
A mechanical heart can be inserted before a transplant is available (for up to 3 years)
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Define coronary artery (1)

Back

One of the arteries supplying the heart

Card 3

Front

What causes cardiovascular diseases? (2)

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Identify 5 ways of reducing the risk of a heart attack (5)

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is a stent? (2)

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

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