Biology: Year 9 Term 3: Cardiovascular Diseases 0.0 / 5 ? BiologyCirculationMicrobes and diseaseGCSEAQA Created by: Charlotte HerondaleCreated on: 02-04-18 11:37 Define cardiovascular disease (2) A disease affecting the blood vessels, heart, valves and/or beat rhythm 1 of 25 Define coronary artery (1) One of the arteries supplying the heart 2 of 25 What causes cardiovascular diseases? (2) Plaque buildup in the coronary arteries 3 of 25 Identify 5 ways of reducing the risk of a heart attack (5) Consume Fibre, Exercise, Take Aspirin, Eat Less Sugar, Take Statins 4 of 25 What is a stent? (2) A metal mesh placed in an artery to allow blood flow 5 of 25 Identify an advantage of a stent (1) Effective for a long time 6 of 25 Identify a disadvantage of a stent (1) Risk of blood clots 7 of 25 What is a heart bypass? (2) A vessel from elsewhere in the body being used to bypass a blockage via a different route 8 of 25 Identify an advantage of a bypass (1) Restores blood flow easily 9 of 25 Identify a disadvantage of a bypass (1) Expensive/invasive surgery 10 of 25 What are statins? (3) Medications which reduce LDLs (bad cholesterol) and increase HDLs (good cholesterol) 11 of 25 Identify an advantage of statins (1) Prevent rather than cure 12 of 25 Identify a disadvantage of statins (1) Long-term drug (inconvenient) 13 of 25 What is a natural pacemaker? (3) The electrical signals sent from the right atrium to control heartbeat rhythm 14 of 25 What is an artificial pacemaker? (3) An electrical device implanted in the chest to regulate arrhythmia 15 of 25 What is the problem with a slow heart? (1) Less respiration can occur 16 of 25 What is the problem with a fast heart? (1) The pumping is less effective 17 of 25 What are faulty valves? (2) Stiff or leaky valves 18 of 25 What is a mechanical valve replacement? (2) An artificial valve implanted to control blood flow 19 of 25 Identify an advantage of a mechanical valve replacement (1) Cheaper than biological 20 of 25 Identify a disadvantage of a mechanical valve replacement (1) Patients must take blood-thinning drugs 21 of 25 What is a biological valve replacement? (2) An animal tissue valve implanted to control blood flow 22 of 25 Identify an advantage of a biological valve replacement (1) Smaller risk of blood clotting 23 of 25 Identify a disadvantage of a biological valve replacement (1) Unethical as from animal tissue 24 of 25 What is an artificial heart? (2) A mechanical heart can be inserted before a transplant is available (for up to 3 years) 25 of 25
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