Biology- year 10
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- Created by: _yada
- Created on: 13-02-17 17:43
what is a non-communicable disease
disease that cant be spread from 1 person to another
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give causes
allergies, gentics, lifestyle choices
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example
cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular disease
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what is a communicale disease
disease that can be spread from organism to organism.
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what do the infect
plant, animal, human
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what are they caused by
caused by pathogens
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what are pathogens
diseases causing micro organism) suche as bacteria, fungi, virus, protoct
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give 2 mode of transmission
direct contact, vectors/resevoirs
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describe direct contact
exposure to infected bodily fluid
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describe vectors/resevoirs
germs spred by an animal or insect bite
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give 3 ways communical diseases can be spread
by air, through people, contaminated water or food
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give 2 causes/symptoms of illness
bacteria produce harmful chemical-toxins which damage cells, virus live and reproduce inside cells causing damage when they come out
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how do virus replecate
virus goes and attaches itself to the cell membrane, it injects itself into genetic info, replicates, escapes and kills cell
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what are measles and what are the 4 symptoms
is a viral disease, symptoms are fever, cough, running nose andd inflamed eyes
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how are they communicated and how can they be prevented
coughing and sneezing, prevented by getting a vaccine but cant be treated
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what is HIV
HIV causes HIV infection and overtime acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(aids)
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what are the effects
low levels of white blood cells and body becomes prone to infection starts of as flu-like illness
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how is it transmitted
unprotected sex with infected person, exchange of bodily such as blood (sharing needles)
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how do antibiotic resistant bacteria spread
remaing resistant bacteria randomly mutate( reproduce by binary fiision), antibiotics cant fight it off so pass on their mutation DNA, eventually all are antibiotic resistant
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what is salmonella
food poisioning spread by bacteria ingested in food, or on food prepared in unhygenic conditions
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what are the 4 symptoms
diarrhea, stomach cramps, vommiting, fever/dehydration
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what is Gonorrhea
is a sexually transmitted disease caused by bacteria
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what are the 3 symptoms
thich green/yellow discharge, pain when urinating, women bleeding between periods
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what is rose black spot
is a fungal disease where black spots appear on lower leaves first
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how is it spread and what are the effects
goes on upper leaves and gets on the stem, reduces photosynthesis and chloroplast is destroyed and weakens and stunts plant growth
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what is malaria
is a protist disease commonly transmitted by an infected female mosquito
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what are the symptoms
headache, fatigue, sweating and vommiting
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what are antibodies
produced by WBC and are specific to microbe they destroy
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what is antitoxins
chemicals produced by the WBC to neutralise toxins
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what are lymphocytes
another name for WBC which are responsible for phagocytosis as well as the formation of antitoxin and antibodies
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what are antigens
protein on the surface pathogen cells. lymphocytes react to those foreign protins
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what are toxins
harmful chemicals released by pathogens usually bacteria
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what is the 1st line of defence (7)
tears, saliva, mucus, HCl in stomach, skin and sweat, respitory system
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describe tears, saliva and mucus
contain enzymes that destroy microbes
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describe HCl in stomach
the acid help destroy microbes
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describe respitory system
lined with ciliated cells and mucus producing cells
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describe sweat
contains enzymes so it kills micro organisms
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describe skin
blood cotting through platelets and WBC
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explain the role of WBC
phagocytes are a type of WBC that can engulf and estroy any pathogen that enters the body this is called phagocytosis
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specific responce to pathogens
WBC produce antibodies and antioxins which are specif to every pathogen
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what is a vaccine
a small quantity of dead or inactive forms of pathogen into the body. stimulates the white blood cells to produce antibodies
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what is the primary response of a vaccination
is the production of antibodies
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what is the secondary response
when immune system comes in contact with the pathogen next time, response is quicker and a large amount of anibodies are produced
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what is herd immunity
sometimes when a large population is immune to a disease those who are not have a reduced chance of catching it
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
give causes
Back
allergies, gentics, lifestyle choices
Card 3
Front
example
Back
Card 4
Front
what is a communicale disease
Back
Card 5
Front
what do the infect
Back
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